A Low-Cost Microstrip Patch Antenna Based Metamaterials for Non-Invasive Breast Tumor Detection
Abdullah Alzahrani
Abdullah Alzahrani, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Taif University, Al Hawiyah, Saudi Arabia.
Manuscript received on 13 November 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 21 November 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 December 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 December 2023 | PP: 32-38 | Volume-13 Issue-1, December 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.A97631213123 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A9763.1213123
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Microstrip antennas have been widely used for various broadband purposes. Despite their many promises, their use in medical applications has been limited by their narrow bandwidth and loss in high-frequency bands. This work aims to design a patch sensor, a low-cost microstrip sensor suitable for biomedical applications, specifically for the detection of breast cancer tumours. The proposed antenna sensor consists of three layers: ground, substrate, and microstrip sensor, which can be easily fabricated using standard printed circuit board methods. A comparative study was carried out between two resonance frequencies at 1.8 GHz and 2.9 GHz, which frequencies were investigated with remarkable precision, simulating the presence and absence of a tumour cell. Using CST Studio Suite 3D computer simulation technology software for electromagnetic field simulation and analysis, the results show that the model can detect tumour phase changes and return loss depth. The results show that the return loss of the antenna decreases to -39 dB at 1.8 GHz and -12 dB at 2.9 GHz, and a phase shift is observed in the presence of tumour cells. The differential absorption rate (0.746 and 0.934 W/kg) was also calculated and found to be within the acceptable range and not exceeding the standard value. Two parameters are considered in this study, namely frequency phase shift and depth reflection return loss. Taken together, this study concludes that a lower frequency band increases penetration depth but decreases resolution. At the same time, the higher frequency band provides better clarity, but reduces the ability to penetrate deeply, as observed in the frequency range between 1.8 GHz and 2.9 GHz. The proposed work could provide a method for designing electromagnetic sensors for biomedical applications.
Keywords: Antenna; Specific Absorption Rate; Breast Tumor; Phase Shift; Return Loss.
Scope of the Article: Micro Strip Antenna