Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012 – International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)

A119051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 11:29:08 +0000

The International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) has ISSN: 2278-3075 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical monthly international journal. This journal is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December.The journal aims to publish high–quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Engineering and Technology that covers Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunication, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and all interdisciplinary streams of Engineering and Technology. #Smart Computing and Information Processing #Signal and Speech Processing #Image Processing and Pattern Recognition #WSN#Artificial Intelligence and machine learning #Data mining and warehousing #Data Analytics #Deep learning #Bioinformatics #High Performance computing #Advanced Computer Networking #Cloud Computing #IoT #Parallel Computing on GPU #Human Computer Interactions #Recent Trends in Microelectronics and VLSI Design #Process & Device Technologies #Low-Power Design #Nanometer-Scale Integrated Circuits #Application specific ICs (ASICs) #FPGAs #Nanotechnology #Nano Electronics and Quantum Computing #3. Challenges of Industry and their Solutions, Communications #Advanced Manufacturing Technologies #Artificial Intelligence #Autonomous Robots #Augmented Reality #Big Data Analytics and Business Intelligence #Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) #Digital Clone or Simulation #Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) #Manufacturing IoT #Plant Cyber Security #Smart Solutions – Wearable Sensors and Smart Glasses #System Integration #Small Batch Manufacturing #Visual Analytics #Virtual Reality #3D Printing # Internet of Things (IoT) #Internet of Things (IoT) & IoE & Edge Computing #Distributed Mobile Applications Utilizing IoT #Security, Privacy and Trust in IoT & IoE #Standards for IoT Applications #Ubiquitous Computing #Block Chain-enabled IoT Device and Data Security and Privacy #Application of WSN in IoT #Cloud Resources Utilization in IoT #Wireless Access Technologies for IoT #Mobile Applications and Services for IoT #Machine/ Deep Learning with IoT & IoE #Smart Sensors and Internet of Things for Smart City #Logic, Functional programming and Microcontrollers for IoT #Sensor Networks, Actuators for Internet of Things #Data Visualization using IoT #IoT Application and Communication Protocol #Big Data Analytics for Social Networking using IoT #IoT Applications for Smart Cities #Emulation and Simulation Methodologies for IoT #IoT Applied for Digital Contents #Microwaves and Photonics #Microwave filter #Micro Strip antenna #Microwave Link design #Microwave oscillator #Frequency selective surface #Microwave Antenna #Microwave Photonics #Radio over Fibre #Optical Communication, #Optical Oscillator #Optical Link Design #Optical Phase Lock Loop #Optical Devices #Computation Intelligence and Analytics #Soft Computing #Advance Ubiquitous Computing #Parallel Computing #Distributed Computing #Machine Learning #Information Retrieval #Expert Systems #Data Mining #Text Mining #Data Warehousing #Predictive Analysis #Data Management #Big Data Analytics #Big Data Security #Energy Harvesting and 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Vector Quantization Based Image Compression
P.Sivakumar¹, S.Ravi²
¹P.Sivakumar, Research Scholar, st. peter’s University Chennai, India.
²Dr.S.Ravi, Professor & Head, Dr. M.G.R. University Chennai, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 30, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 89-96 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A119051112/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: An image compression method combining discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and vector quantization (VQ) is presented. First, a three-level DWT is performed on the original image resulting in ten separate sub bands. These sub bands are then vector quantized. VQ indices are Huffman coded to increase the compression ratio. Lloyd extended scalar quantization technique is used to design memory less vector quantization. A novel iterative error correction scheme is proposed to continuously check the image quality after sending the Huffman coded bit stream of the error codebook indices through the channel so as to improve the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) of the reconstructed image. The sub band of the wavelet transformed image is also generated for the error correction scheme using the difference between the original and the reconstructed images in the wavelet domain. The proposed method shows better image quality in terms of PSNR at the same compression ratio as compared to other DWT and VQ based image compression. The proposed method of image compression is to obtain the best possible fidelity for given rate.
Keywords: Vector Quantization, Wavelet Transform, Compression Ratio.

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A113051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 11:21:46 +0000

Comparison between Conventional PID and Fuzzy Logic Controller for Liquid Flow Control: Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy Logic and PID Controller by Using MATLAB/Simulink
Gaurav¹, Amrit Kaur²
¹Gaurav, Assistant professor, University College of Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, India.
²Amrit Kaur, Assistant professor, University College of Engineering,, Punjabi University, Patiala, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 29, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 84-88 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A113051112 /2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Measuring the flow of liquids is a critical need in many industrial plants. In recent years, flow control has become a highly multi-disciplinary research activity encompassing theoretical, computational and experimental fluid dynamics. Fuzzy control is based on fuzzy logic-a logical system that is much closer in spirit to human thinking and natural language than traditional logical systems. During the past several years, fuzzy control has emerged as one of the most active and fruitful areas for research in the applications of fuzzy set theory, especially in the realm of industrial processes, which do not lend themselves to control by conventional methods because of a lack of quantitative data regarding the input-output relations. The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based on fuzzy logic provides a means of converting a linguistic control strategy based on expert knowledge into an automatic control strategy. Fuzzy Logic controller has better stability, small overshoot, and fast response. In this Paper, performance analysis of the conventional PID controller and fuzzy logic controller has been done by the use of Matlab and Simulink and in the end comparison of various time domain parameters is done to prove that the fuzzy logic controller has small overshoot and fast response as compared to PID controller.
Keywords: Flow control, Conventional control, Fuzzy logic control, Simulink.

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A123051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 11:17:19 +0000

Restructuring Manufacturing Process using Matrix Method
R.M. Belokar¹, Sudhir², Yashveer Dhull³, Surender Nain⁴
¹Prof. Dr. Rajendra. M. Belokar, Associate Professor, Production Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.
²Sudhir , Production Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.
³Yashveer Dhull, Production Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.
⁴Surender Nain, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering, H.C.T.M. Kaithal, Haryana, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 29, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 81-88 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A123051112/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In modern days competition is increasing in industries so time and cost are important factors. In this paper we present case studies on matrix method, so that best sequence with minimum time, minimum cost and reduced penalty (job changeover time from one machine to another) recommended for a particular product manufactured is achieved. Here two cases on idler pipe and idler shaft are analyzed and best sequences are generated.
Keywords: Matrix method, cellular manufacturing, path matrix Pij, total matrix Tij.

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A122051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 11:02:15 +0000

Optimization of Time by Elimination of Unproductive Activities through ‘MOST’
R. M. Belokar¹, Yashveer Dhull², Surender Nain³, Sudhir Nain⁴
¹Dr. Rajendra. M. Belokar, Associate Professor, Production Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.
²Yashveer Dhull, Production Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.
³Surender Nain, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering, H.C.T.M. Kaithal, Haryana, India.
⁴Sudhir Nain, Production Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 29, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 77-80 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A122051112/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Productivity is being the most important thing in the manufacturing world. This paper highlights a methodology developed for minimization of non productive activities (NVA) and minimization of fatigue in manufacturing line by using Maynard’s Operation Sequence Technique (MOST) revealed the excessive movements of operators. Work study in productivity improvement could be done in two approaches; which are method study and time study. Thus, this research will use process mapping as the method study and Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST) as the time study method. All this initiated by performing work study on the manual operators’ activities. This case study was conducted at a LPS Ltd. Rohtak (Haryana) company. From this study, NVA activities, the standard time, utilization and recommendation for man power planning could be established. The necessary changes were suggested in workplace to minimize the stress creating unproductive movements. These results could be used for optimization of time at the company. So, the paper, it is believed, would be great help to those working in the area of efficiency improvement in manufacturing industry.
Keywords: MOST, Non-Value Added activities (NVA), Fatigue, Total Activity Time.

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A121051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 10:55:27 +0000

Noise Drain in Wireless Body Area Sensor Network
Yogita L. Kumbhare¹, Pankaj H. Rangaree²
¹Yogita L. Kumbhare, G.H. Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur, India.
²Pankaj H. Rangaree, G.H. Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 29, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 73-76 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A121051112/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Wireless body area sensor networks low-power integrated circuits, and wireless communications have enabled the design of low-cost, miniature, lightweight, and intelligent physiological sensor nodes. These nodes, capable of sensing, processing, and communicating one or more vital signs, can be seamlessly integrated into wireless personal or body networks (WPANs or WBANs) for health monitoring. These networks promise to revolutionize health care by allowing inexpensive, non-invasive, continuous, ambulatory health monitoring with almost realtime updates of medical records via the Internet. This paper proposes a power and area efficient electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition and signal processing application sensor node for wireless body area networks (WBAN). This sensor node can accurately record and detect the QRS peaks of ECG waveform with high-frequency noise suppression. analog front end integrated circuit (IC) and digital application. This ECG sensor node is convenient for long-term monitoring of cardiovascular condition of patients, and is very suitable for on-body WBAN applications. we minimize the other signal such as the ECG signal along with a bunch of noise is in analog form. In we use the High Pass Filter (HPF) to filter the noise from the ECG Signals. The ECG is a voltage difference, recorded between two metal plates or electrodes on the surface of the body.
Keywords: Wireless body area sensor network, GSM model, ECG Sensor Node.

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A120051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 10:48:16 +0000

A Comparative Study of Two Different Neural Models for Speaker Recognition Systems
Geeta Nijhawan¹, M.K. Soni²
¹Ms. Geeta Nijhawan, Deptt. of Electronics and Communications, FET, Mriu, Faridabad, India.
²Dr. M.K. Soni, Executive Director & Dean, FET, Mriu, Faridabad, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 28, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 67-72 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A120051112 /2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In recent years there has been a significant amount of work, both theoretical and experimental, that has established the viability of artificial neural networks (ANN’s) as a useful technology for speech recognition. It has been shown that neural networks can be used to augment speech recognizers whose underlying structure is essentially that of hidden Markov models (HMM’s). In this paper, we first give a brief overview of automatic speech recognition (ASR) and then describe the use of ANN’s as statistical estimators. We have compared back propogation (BP) neural network and radial basis function (RBF) network’s performance as applied to the speaker recognition. We have compared the two neural network results by MATLAB simulation. From the quantitative point we have proved that the RBF neural network is more efficient and accurate than BP neural network in speaker recognition, and thus more suitable for practical applications.
Keywords: Speaker recognition system, Linear Predictive Coding (LPC), Neural networks, Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC), Back Propagation (BP); Radial Basis Function (RBF).

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A118051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 10:41:25 +0000

A Comparative Study between Web Mining Tools over some WUM Algorithms to Analyze Web Access Logs
Arvind K. Sharma
Arvind K. Sharma, Ph.D Computer Science Research Scholar, School of Engineering & Technology, Jaipur, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 28, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 58-66 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A118051112/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: This paper has attempted to provide an up-to-date survey of the rapidly growing area of Web usage mining, which is the demand of current technology. In this paper, we present an overview of the various research areas in Web data mining and then focus on the Web usage mining tools and techniques. Web mining continues to remain as a potential research area in the present scenario. In this context, the various Web usage mining algorithms are discussed and their relative comparison of merits and demerits are also presented and the most appropriate ones are selected based on the characteristics of the data available from the Web server log files. Finally, we have investigated three powerful Web usage mining tools. The use of these tools is also illustrated through the analysis of one case study. The results of Web usage mining need to be visualised in order to assist with their analysis and interpretation.
Keywords: Web Data Mining, Web logs, WUM Tools.

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A116051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 10:35:11 +0000

Performance Comparison of Ad-Hoc Network Routing Protocols using NS-2
Ginni Tonk¹, Indu Kashyap², S.S. Tyagi³
¹Ms. Ginni Tonk, Computer Science and Engineering, Mriu, Faridabad, India.
²Ms. Indu Kashyap, Computer Science and Engineering, Mriu, Faridabad, India.
³Dr. S.S. Tyagi, Computer Science and Engineering, Mriu, Faridabad, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 30, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 53-57 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A116051112 /2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is an infrastructure less and decentralized network which need a robust dynamic routing protocol. Many routing protocols for such networks have been proposed so far. The most popular ones are Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad-hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), and Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocol. In this paper, we are going to compare Mobile Ad-Hoc network routing protocols DSDV, AODV and DSR using network simulator NS-2. The performance matrix includes PDF (Packet delivery fraction), Average end-to-end delay, and Normalized Routing Load. We have compared the performance of routing protocols by varying pause time, number of nodes and maximum speed. The comparison result shows that AODV has the highest PDF and NRL while DSR gives the highest Average End-to-End delay.
Keywords: AODV, DSDV, DSR, MANET.

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A115051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 10:18:04 +0000

Design of a Square Microstrip Patch Antenna
Shruti Vashist¹, M.K.Soni², Pramod Singal³
¹Ms.Shruti Vashist, Ph.D. Student, Deptt of Electronic and Communication ,FET, MRIU, Faridabad, India.
²Dr. M K Soni, Executive Director & Dean FET MRIU Faridabad India.
³Dr. Pramod Singhal, Head, Department of Electronics and Communication MITS Gwalior India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 29, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 49-52 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A115051112/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In recent years, great interest is focused on microstrip antennas for their small volumes, low profiles, good integration, low costs and good performance. With the continuous growth of wireless and mobile communication service and the constant miniaturization of communication equipment, there are higher demands for the volume of antennas, integration and working band. This paper presents a basic square shaped microstrip patch antenna for wireless communications system which is suitable for 8GHz to 11 GHz band operations. These systems may include various combinations of WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) and wireless local-area network (WLAN). A square microstrip patch antenna is designed to operate at 9.4GHz and 11GHz. A triangular slot is cut in the square patch to provide three bands at resonant frequency of 8.36MHZ, 9.84MHz and 11GHZ. The effect of cutting the slot on the original patch is examined. This design has several advantages as the total antenna volume can be reused, and therefore the overall antenna will be compact. The results confirm good performance of the single and multiband antenna design.
Keywords: Square Microstrip Patch Antenna (RMPA), Wimax, Wlan, multiple frequency bands.

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A112051112

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 28 Oct 2021 10:11:19 +0000

Network Selection Algorithm for Vertical Handover in Co-operative Wireless Network
Piyush K. Ingole¹, N. A. Chavhan²
¹Mr. Piyush K. Ingole, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, G. H .Raisoni College of Engineering Nagpur, Maharastra, India.
²Asst. Prof Nekita Chavhan, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, G. H .Raisoni College of Engineering Nagpur, Maharastra, India.
Manuscript received on May 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on May 29, 2012. | Manuscript Published on June 10, 2012. | PP: 44-48 | Volume-1 Issue-1, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: A112051112 /2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Wireless networks are emerging towards a heterogeneous co-operative architecture to support communication needs of the end user. In this paper a centralized spectrum manager is presented which calculates the traffic load on each network and allocates another network to the user by using the network selection algorithm. Simulation results shows that the centralized spectrum manager handover the end user to another network seamlessly and improve the global spectrum efficiency.
Keywords: Co-operative Network, Resource allocation, Traffic Prediction.

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