Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021 – International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)

L957410101221

IJITEE Journal — Sat, 30 Oct 2021 05:56:43 +0000

The International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) has ISSN: 2278-3075 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical monthly international journal. This journal is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December.The journal aims to publish high–quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Engineering and Technology that covers Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunication, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and all interdisciplinary streams of Engineering and Technology. #Smart Computing and Information Processing #Signal and Speech Processing #Image Processing and Pattern Recognition #WSN#Artificial Intelligence and machine learning #Data mining and warehousing #Data Analytics #Deep learning #Bioinformatics #High Performance computing #Advanced Computer Networking #Cloud Computing #IoT #Parallel Computing on GPU #Human Computer Interactions #Recent Trends in Microelectronics and VLSI Design #Process & Device Technologies #Low-Power Design #Nanometer-Scale Integrated Circuits #Application specific ICs (ASICs) #FPGAs #Nanotechnology #Nano Electronics and Quantum Computing #3. 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Deep Categorization of Blood Cells using Depthwise Convolutions
T Sudarshan Rao¹, N Rohan Sai², D Koteswara Rao³
¹T Sudarshan Rao*, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad. (Telangana), India.
²N Rohan Sai, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam. (Andhra Pradesh), India.
³D Koteswara Rao, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad. (Telangana), India.
Manuscript received on October 20, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 27, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 76-79 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.L957410101221 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.L9574.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Modern-day computation has become indispensable in the healthcare industry. From medical image processing to cost reduction, Artificial Intelligence has proved its significance in solving complex healthcare problems. One of the primary areas in which it can be of greater use in hematology. Categorization of white-blood cells is imperative to pre-identify abnormalities. Through this paper, we collected image samples for 4 major White Blood cell groups, which are Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, and Eosinophils. The aim of this research is to put forward an intelligent system that efficiently alleviates the stringent requirement of a cytological study. The proposed system classifies 4 white-blood-cell types based on their morphological variation. With the experimental modulations that we chose to integrate, the presented model attained an accuracy of 97%.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Cytology, Hematology.
Scope of the Article: Artificial Intelligence

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L956610101221

IJITEE Journal — Sat, 30 Oct 2021 05:48:45 +0000

Fusion in Dissimilarity Space Between RGB D and Skeleton for Person Re-Identification
Md Kamal Uddin¹, Amran Bhuiyan², Mahmudul Hasan³
¹Md Kamal Uddin*, Department. of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
²Amran Bhuiyan, Department. of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
³Mahmudul Hasan, Department. of Computer Science and Engineering, Comilla University, Comilla, Bangladesh.
Manuscript received on October 16, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 27, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 69-75 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.L956610101221 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.L9566.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Person re-identification (Re-id) is one of the important tools of video surveillance systems, which aims to recognize an individual across the multiple disjoint sensors of a camera network. Despite the recent advances on RGB camera-based person re-identification methods under normal lighting conditions, Re-id researchers fail to take advantages of modern RGB-D sensor-based additional information (e.g. depth and skeleton information). When traditional RGB-based cameras fail to capture the video under poor illumination conditions, RGB-D sensor-based additional information can be advantageous to tackle these constraints. This work takes depth images and skeleton joint points as additional information along with RGB appearance cues and proposes a person re-identification method. We combine 4-channel RGB-D image features with skeleton information using score-level fusion strategy in dissimilarity space to increase re-identification accuracy. Moreover, our propose method overcomes the illumination problem because we use illumination invariant depth image and skeleton information. We carried out rigorous experiments on two publicly available RGBD-ID re-identification datasets and proved the use of combined features of 4-channel RGB-D images and skeleton information boost up the rank 1 recognition accuracy.
Keywords: Re-identification, RGB-D features, Skeleton information, Video surveillance.
Scope of the Article: Video surveillance

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K946309101121

IJITEE Journal — Fri, 29 Oct 2021 11:15:11 +0000

A Smart Assistance System for Visually Impaired People
Muppla Jagadeesh¹, P Ajay Kumar Reddy², S. Nanda Kishor³
¹Muppla Jagadeesh*, M.Tech (Embedded Systems), Kuppam Engineering College, Kuppam (A.P), India.
²Mr. P Ajay Kumar Reddy, Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kuppam Engineering College, Kuppam (A.P), India.
³Dr. S.Nanda Kishor, Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kuppam Engineering College, Kuppam (A.P), India.
Manuscript received on August 27, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 25, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 64-68 | Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.K946309101121 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.K9463.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Resolving the problems of individuals with Visual, Hearing, and Vocal Impairment through a solitary serving framework could be a tough task. Various current investigations focus on the resolution of the problems of 1 of them on top of challenges however not all. The work centers around chase down a noteworthy procedure that guides the externally weakened by permitting them to listen to what’s self-addressed as text and it’s accomplished by the tactic that catches the image through a camera and converts the content accessible as voice signals. This planned framework provides a path to people with Hearing weakening to image scan that is in morphology by discourse to message modification procedure and that we, in addition, provides a route to the vocally disabled to handle their voice by the guide of text to voice transformation strategy. each one of those 3 arrangements was regulated to be in an exceedingly solitary exceptional framework. each one of those exercises consists of the employment of Raspberry Pi. The outwardly barred individual’s unit of measurement is helped by the cycle whereby the image to text and text to discourse is given by the Tesseract OCR (online character acknowledgment). The deaf individuals assist with the cycle of associate application that creates them grasp what the individual says is also shown attributable to the message. Vocally hindered individuals can pass on their message by text. Therefore totally different individuals will hear the message in an exceeding speaker.
Keywords: Raspberry Pi, Webcam, Optical Character Recognition, Text to Speech Engine, amplifier.
Scope of the Article: Visual Analytics

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J76070891020

IJITEE Journal — Fri, 29 Oct 2021 11:09:27 +0000

An Approach to Smart Parking Algorithm using ant Colony Optimization and Decision Tree Algorithm
Ankita Yadav¹, Mohammad Arif²
¹Ankita Yadav*, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India.
²Mohammad Arif, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India.
Manuscript received on August 01, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 25, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 58-63 | Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.J76070891020 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.J7607.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: This research is conducted in order to deal with the main problem of traffic congestion and road accidents that is basically caused because of the improper parking management. . Hence, it is important that cities have a well-managed parking system. In the past various researches has been done to design a suitable smart paring algorithm. However, each research had their own pros and cons. Our research leads to a smart algorithm that is secure and is convenient enough to develop a system that can be manage the available slots and can notify the users about the available parking slot beforehand to the client. The result analysis clearly shows that the algorithm proposed and designed is more accurate than other algorithms used in the past. The proposed algorithm is designed using ACO, decision tree, and GPS mapping. The idea of working on this research was to provide a solution that is cost effective, helps people on large scale and maintains the laws and order.
Keywords: Ant colony optimization, decision tree, smart parking system, GPS mapping, smart parking algorithm.
Scope of the Article: GPS and Location-Based Applications

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L955010101221

IJITEE Journal — Fri, 22 Oct 2021 11:30:12 +0000

Modelling of Irrigation Return Flow in Unconfined Aquifer of Dharoi Command in Mehsana District of Gujarat, India
Hema R. Parmar¹, Pradeep Majumdar²
¹Hema R. Parmar*, Ph.D Student from Charusat University, Changa.
²Dr. Pradeep Majumdar, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, CU Shah University, Gujarat.
Manuscript received on October 08, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 22, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 47-57 | Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.L955010101221 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.L9550.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Surface water flow and subsurface flow have traditionally been investigated separately and simulators have been developed over the years, to model each of these systems. Growing interest in conjunctive water management, and need for simulations of surface/subsurface flow and their interactions has lead to the linking of models of the respective domains. This study from Dharoi command area, using MODFLOW, showed pertaining to the second layer of the calibrated model. The first layer is a thin soil cover layer of about 3 m uniform thickness. Top layer is kept under unconfined water table condition, where as the next layer is given the scope of transforming between water table to confined state and vice versa depending upon the fluctuation of the computed water level with respect to the bottom boundary of the top layer. No recharge and discharge options other than a single boundary condition of average May water level in the extreme north-east grid has been allowed. This calibration is based upon matching the observed and computed average gradient of the water table (hydraulic gradient) and nothing to do with matching the point to point values of the observation wells as that could lead to misappropriation in respect of hydrologic condition. Over all gradient of the water table in the area of interest is computed as 0.23 m per km in comparison to an observed hydraulic gradient of 0.3 m per km. The rivers such as Sabarmati downstream of Dharoi dam and up to Bijapur, Rupen and Pushpawati are activated in the transient run. Conductance value is considered as 0.0001 m/sec for all the rivers. proximity of the second layer under unconfined state. Comparisons of water levels in selected locations. Overall match between the trends and the point values indicate that the calibrated model transient run can be considered as base case and various options can be studied with this model. Visual MODFLOW is very effective to know the present scenario of ground water flow, water level of aquifer, wells, also point values indicate that the calibrated model transient run can be considered as base case and various options can be studied with this model. Visual MODFLOW is very effective to know the present scenario of ground water flow, water level of aquifer, wells, also distribution of spatial recharge, specific yield distribution. It gives very close result to the observed value.
Keywords: Aquifer, Irrigation return flow, MODFLOW, Specific yield
Scope of the Article: MODFLOW

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J943108101021

IJITEE Journal — Fri, 22 Oct 2021 11:18:25 +0000

Novel Method of Obstacle Detection and Avoidance for Visually Impaired People
Shrugal Varde¹, M.S.Panse²
¹Shrugal Varde*, Department of Electronics Engineering, Degree in from the University of Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
²Dr. M.S. Panse, Ph.D, Department of Electronic Engineering, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on August 13, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 21, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 41-46 | Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.J943108101021 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.J9431.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Electronic mobility aid, transforms visual information to another sensory modality, has proved to be useful for visually impaired people to commute confidently and independently. With recent developments in technology, more visual information can be provided that can assist the user in the better way to avoid obstacles. The paper is focused on portable mobility aid prototype based on stereo imaging that can help user avoid collision with the obstacles. The algorithm is based on segmentation of disparity image to detect obstacles in each segment and identify probable path free of obstacles. The information about the free path is conveyed to the user with the help of two vibrotactile sensors. The prototype was tried on visually impaired users. The experiments were conducted in terms of detection of obstacles, avoidance of obstacles and walking speed of visually impaired user in closed area with different number of obstacles. We conclude that mobility aid prototype is potentially effective for visually impaired users.
Keywords: Visually Impaired, Mobility Aid, Stereo Imaging, Disparity, Vibrotactile
Scope of the Article: Visual Analytics

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L955510101221

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 09:51:23 +0000

5G Traffic Prediction with Time Series Analysis
Nikhil Nayak¹, Rujula Singh R²
¹Nikhil Nayak*, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, RV College of Engineering. Bengaluru, (Karnataka), India.
²Rujula Singh R, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, RV College of Engineering. Bengaluru, (Karnataka), India.
Manuscript received on October 11, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 17, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 36-40 | Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.L955510101221 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.L9555.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In today’s day and age, a mobile phone has become a basic requirement needed for anyone to thrive. With the cellular traffic demand increasing so dramatically, it is now necessary to accurately predict the user traffic in cellular networks, to improve the performance in terms of resource allocation and utilization. Since traffic learning and prediction is a classical and appealing field, which still yields many meaningful results, there has been an increasing interest in leveraging Machine Learning tools to analyze the total traffic served in each region, to optimize the operation of the network. With the help of this project, we seek to exploit the traffic history by using it to predict the nature and occurrence of future traffic. Furthermore, we classify the traffic into application types, to increase our understanding of the nature of the traffic. By leveraging the power of machine learning and identifying its usefulness in the field of cellular networks we try to achieve three main objectives – classification of the application generating the traffic, prediction of packet arrival intensity and burst occurrence. The design of the prediction and classification system is done using Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) model. The LSTM predictor developed in this experiment would return the number of uplink packets and estimate the probability of burst occurrence in the specified future time interval. For the purpose of classification, the regression layer in our LSTM prediction model is replaced by a SoftMax classifier which is used to classify the application generating the cellular traffic into one of the four applications including surfing, video calling, voice calling, and video streaming.
Keywords: Classification, K-Means, Time series analysis, Traffic prediction.
Scope of the Article: Classification

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F87010410621

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 09:45:05 +0000

Analysis of Efficient Implementation of Elliptic Curve Cryptography Architecture for Resource Constraint Application
Kirit V. Patel¹, Mihir V. Shah²
¹Kirit V. Patel*, Department of Electronics and Communication, L.D. College of Engineering, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad (Gujarat), India.
²Dr. Mihir V. Shah, Department of Electronics and Communication, L.D. College of Engineering, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad (Gujarat), India.
Manuscript received on March 24, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 18, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 28-35 | Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.F87010410621 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.F8701.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Elliptic Curve Cryptography is gaining attraction in providing a high security level in data transmission with low cost, small key size and smaller hardware realization. High-speed implementation is a significant factor in ECC applications such as smart cards, network servers, wireless sensor based networks, Internet of Things and Radio Frequency Identification. These applications require low-cost and lightweight implementations. In the resource constrain application, lightweight cryptography has emerged as the desired one because of limited energy in devices and the scarce computational resources. Design options and a wide range of parameters affect the overall implementation of the ECC system. Implementation target device, coordinate system, underlying finite fields and modular arithmetic algorithms are key design parameters that impact the overall implementation outcome. A statistical study is conducted on a large collection of published work based on the design parameters. The basic question that arises is how to select the appropriate flexibility-efficiency tradeoff. The subjects of generator, versatile, reconfigurable, dedicated and general purpose scalar multipliers are addressed. A review of various algorithms to perform scalar multiplication on prime and binary fields has been done more effectively. The results of ECC implementation on different FPGA platform is compared and analyzed with the various performance parameters. Besides, a classification of the previous works in terms of flexibility, performance, scalability and cost effectiveness is presented.
Keywords: Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), Galois Field (GF), Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP), Scalar multiplication, Public Key Cryptography (PKC), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Elliptic Curve Cryptography Processor (EECP), Elliptic Curve Scalar Multiplication (ECSM).
Scope of the Article: Cryptography

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L954910101221

IJITEE Journal — Sat, 16 Oct 2021 10:47:07 +0000

Titanate Nanotubes as Futuristic Catalyst Support Material
Venkataraman Vishwanathan¹, Lucky Sikhwivhilu²
¹Dr. Lucky Sikhwivhilu*, Head and Director of DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre.
²Dr. Venkataraman Vishwanathan, Professor in the Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Botho University, Botswana.
Manuscript received on October 07, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 13, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 24-27 | Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.L954909101121 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.L9549.10101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Titanate Nanotubes (TNT) were synthesized by aging commercial titanium dioxide (TiO2 – Degussa P25) with an alkali (KOH) solution at different time intervals. The prepared materials were investigated for their surface composition and textural behaviour by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Gas (N2 and CO2) adsorption measurements, and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The X-ray diffraction spectra revealed the decrease in the crystalline nature of the materials decreased by exposing them for a longer duration in the base solution. Raman spectra results showed that ageing time affected the structural properties. The specific surface area and the pore size of the newly synthesised materials were affected by the ageing process. The TEM images showed the influence of ageing during the formation of titanate nanotubes. HRTEM revealed that Pd particle sizes of <1 nm was present inside the tubes.
Keywords: Nanotubular; Morphology; Structural Composition; Catalyst Support.
Scope of the Article: Structural Engineering

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L955210101221

IJITEE Journal — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 11:09:03 +0000

Analysis of Labour Productivity and Determining the Parameters Which Affects it in Aluminium Formwork System
Rajnish Singh¹, Karthik Nagarajan², Raju Narwade³
¹Raju Narwade, Department of Civil Engineering, HOC College of Engineering and Technology, Rasayani, Panvel, (Maharashtra), India.
²Karthik Nagarajan, Department of Civil Engineering, Pillai HOC College of Engineering and Technology, Rasayani, Panvel, (Maharashtra), India.
³Rajnish Singh Department*, Department of Civil Engineering, Pillai HOC College of Engineering and Technology, Rasayani, Panvel, (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on October 08, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on October 11, 2021. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2021. | PP: 16-23 | Volume-10 Issue-12, October 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.L9552101221 | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.L9552101221
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The construction industry is considered to be one of the rapidly growing industries of India. So, to fulfil such a vast and constantly increasing construction demand the labour productivity is the key factor to maintain client satisfaction, attract investment, and contribute by helping the nation with its economic growth. Aluminium system formwork is one economical and technical approach to effectively maintain productivity of labours on site. Various research studies have been conducted to compare different types of formwork system and the advantages and disadvantages of each type of formwork system are examined in terms of cost, duration, quality etc. There is no standard procedure to put a number on the efficiency of the site labour, using aluminium formwork system in the industry. So, the primary objective of this study is to find the practical labour productivity in aluminium formwork system and the factors affecting the labour productivity. For this, research is performed on Purva Silversands project, Pune, Maharashtra (Residential Project). Labour productivity and its variations could generate a greater impact on the project economy and project duration. Low productivity can decrease profitability and increases construction cost. This case study shows that the actual productivity observed is less than the target productivity in some of the months, the reasons for variation in target and actual productivity is examined and the factors that hamper the productivity mostly are natural (rain), improper management and any breakdown of machinery. Whereas, the maximum productivity achieved in a month is 10.36 sqm per man per day.
Keywords: Labour productivity, Aluminium Formwork, Conventional Formwork, Factor affecting labour productivity, Mivan.
Scope of the Article: Conventional Formwork

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