Volume-8 Issue-8S2, June 2019 – International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)

H11890688S219

IJITEE Journal — Wed, 25 Oct 2023 04:15:56 +0000

The International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) has ISSN: 2278-3075 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical monthly international journal. This journal is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December.The journal aims to publish high–quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Engineering and Technology that covers Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunication, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and all interdisciplinary streams of Engineering and Technology. #Smart Computing and Information Processing #Signal and Speech Processing #Image Processing and Pattern Recognition #WSN#Artificial Intelligence and machine learning #Data mining and warehousing #Data Analytics #Deep learning #Bioinformatics #High Performance computing #Advanced Computer Networking #Cloud Computing #IoT #Parallel Computing on GPU #Human Computer Interactions #Recent Trends in Microelectronics and VLSI Design #Process & Device Technologies #Low-Power Design #Nanometer-Scale Integrated Circuits #Application specific ICs (ASICs) #FPGAs #Nanotechnology #Nano Electronics and Quantum Computing #3. Challenges of Industry and their Solutions, Communications #Advanced Manufacturing Technologies #Artificial Intelligence #Autonomous Robots #Augmented Reality #Big Data Analytics and Business Intelligence #Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) #Digital Clone or Simulation #Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) #Manufacturing IoT #Plant Cyber Security #Smart Solutions – Wearable Sensors and Smart Glasses #System Integration #Small Batch Manufacturing #Visual Analytics #Virtual Reality #3D Printing # Internet of Things (IoT) #Internet of Things (IoT) & IoE & Edge Computing #Distributed Mobile Applications Utilizing IoT #Security, Privacy and Trust in IoT & IoE #Standards for IoT Applications #Ubiquitous Computing #Block Chain-enabled IoT Device and Data Security and Privacy #Application of WSN in IoT #Cloud Resources Utilization in IoT #Wireless Access Technologies for IoT #Mobile Applications and Services for IoT #Machine/ Deep Learning with IoT & IoE #Smart Sensors and Internet of Things for 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Analysis of Various Computer Architectures
Kulvinder Singh¹, Pushpendra Kumar Pateriya², Devinder Kaur³, Mritunjay Rai⁴

¹Kulvinder Singh, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India.

²Pushpendra Kumar Pateriya, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India.

³Devinder Kaur, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India.

⁴Mritunjay Rai, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India.

Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Mendeley | Indexing and Abstracting
© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: With the tremendous acceptance of computers globally in the different fields, there comes the challenge of managing instructions, processing, and improving the efficiency of computer systems. Ever since the inception of computers from earliest ENIAC (developed at the University of Pennsylvania) to modern supercomputer Sunway Taihu Light (developed at National Supercomputing Center, China) a broad research along with great ideas in the field of computer architecture has laid its way. It has lead to the advances which has made the computers capable to perform computations at lightning speeds. For an example, the computing speed of Taihu Light exceeds 93 petaflops. It uses 40,960 individual RISC processors to reach such high speeds. In this, the architecture plays an indispensable role right from accessing memory, allocating instruction to processors for execution, and exploiting the architecture to increase the efficiency [12]. Moreover, reducing energy consumption and cost computer architecture needs to be highly specific and fast in making decisions. With the passage of time, various ideas have come up to enhance this performance index. In this paper, we describe most frequently used computer architectures with a general review and working process which can help the readers to understand the underlying principles of various computer architectures.

Keywords: Instruction Set Architecture, Load/store Architecture, Stack Architecture, Pipelining, NOP.
Scope of the Article: Measurement & Performance Analysis

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H11880688S219

IJITEE Journal — Wed, 25 Oct 2023 04:07:32 +0000

A Comparative Study on Improved User Authentication Scheme in Response to Smart-card Loss Attack
Jae-young Lee

Jae-young Lee, School of Information & Communication Systems, Semyung University, Semyeong-Ro, Jecheon-Si, Chungcheongbuk-Do, Republic of Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: Existing smart-card based user authentication technique is vulnerable to attacks via hijacking smart-cards of random users. Attackers with acquired smart-card data can hijack messages in open channels among users and utilize it for ID and password guessing and session key extraction attacks. Methods/Statistical analysis: Attacks can generate ID and password guessing of random users through acquired data from the hijacked messages and try attacks against session keys via ID guessing. The user authentication scheme proposal in this thesis enables responsive measures against attacks by improving the existing scheme that generated random numbers of servers only with acquired data thus, attackers are unable to get Ni, a variable recording server registration request frequency and essential figures for authentication stages. Findings: The existing scheme, first, has a problem not being able to generate Yi necessary for authentication due to errors in user authentication stage in servers. Second, if a fully registered user uses own smart-card, ID and password, a problem creating a significant random number to serve occurs and third, if attacks hijack smart-cards and login request messages of random users, then problems – user ID and password guessing, and session key extraction via the ID guessing becomes vulnerable. Hence, when Yi is generated, during user authentication stages, which serves request logins, the errors in authentication phase are modified to only enable server-related data for Yi creation, second, responsive measures against external attacks are enabled by improving the issues, which significant random numbers for servers being easily calculated by smart-cards, ID and password of attackers. Third, even if attackers, hijacked smart-cards and login request messages of random users, acquires important data, no random user can generate ID or password guessing, and session key extractions are no longer available. Improvements/Applications: Improving the existing scheme, which significant figures for user authentication were easily produceable only by acquiring messages through smart-cards and open channels, hence a new user authentication scheme to enable attacks via acquisition of smart-cards and messages is proposed.

Keywords: IoT, User Authentication, Smart-Card Loss Attack, Password-Guessing Attack, ID-Guessing Attack, Session Key.
Scope of the Article: Authentication, Authorization, Accounting

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H11870688S219

IJITEE Journal — Wed, 25 Oct 2023 04:01:50 +0000

A Comparative Study on AI-based Anti-terror Crime System
Sei-Youen Oh

Sei-Youen Oh, Department of Police Administration, Semyung University, Semyeong-Ro, Jecheon-Si, Chungcheongbuk-Do, Republic of Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: Recent terrorisms are not restrained in time and place, but have occurred simultaneously and throughout the world in various ways against random people. Therefore, the research suggests AI-based Anti-terror System module to predict terrorisms in advance, in a response to recognition of severity of the current terrorism state. Methods/Statistical analysis:AI-based Anti-terror System module consists of 6 components – Data Collection and Filtering Module, 1st Analysis of Data and Rule Generation Module, D/B, Monitoring Device, 2nd Analysis of Data and Rule Generation Module and Crime Response Module – more accurate and rapid terror responses is enabled through systematic process of collection, analysis, monitoring, response and feedback on terror-related risk data from each of the modules and devices. Findings: The proposal module collect relevant data to terror suspects with Big Data, analyze the realistically high terror-risk data, but filtered and stored, in two different phases, and generate and modify each rule based on extracted pattern of the analyzed data. Then, consistent monitoring on risky data of probable terrors is performed in concerns of the saved analysis and Crime Response Modules are triggered on the basis of the consequent results.Such a proposal module can improve the accuracy of related date, but save duration time in collection of particular data as it only collects relevant data to terror risks via Big Data Source and Filtering Module compared to the existing module. Furthermore, the operation manuals of 1st/2nd phase Data Analysis Modules systematically analyze the terror risks and probabilities, thus can minimize the risk of actual terrorisms in fields by triggering Terror Crime Response Modules rapidly by phases with an increased terror prediction accuracy. As Monitoring Device is additionally incorporated, constant supervision and feedbacks regarding certain risk data relevant to terrors are enabled – as a result, detailed analysis of high risk data is available. Improvements/Applications: Owing to connections among recent terror groups, terror risks are omnipresent throughout the world and prior data collection for time and patterns of terrors has become difficult, hence the AI-based Anti-terror System Module would allow minimization of consequent terror damages, enabling preliminary terror prevention and rapid crime responses.

Keywords: AI, Terror, Data Collection and Filtering Module, 1st/2nd Analysis of Data and Rule generation Module, Monitoring Device.
Scope of the Article: Analysis of Algorithms and Computational Complexity

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H11860688S219

IJITEE Journal — Wed, 25 Oct 2023 03:56:12 +0000

A Comparative study on the User Satisfaction of Chinese mobile Apps – Moderating the Services between paid and free Apps –
Kyeong-Rak Le

Kyeong-Rak Le, School of Business Administration, Chonnam National University, Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: The role of smartphones is changing from a communication system for exchanging calls and information into a universal platform for cultural services. Also, satisfaction for mobile application services on smartphones is a very important factor in the smart business. Mobile app-store has revolutionized the existing mobile content industry. Methods/Statistical analysis:There has been little empirical work onthe impact of getting the apps for free vs.customers having to pay. Drawing on MOBISQUAL (Mobile Internet Service Quality), this study develops and tests a model of the users’ satisfaction in mobile applications settings. The model posits that certain antecedents such as outcome, fluid interaction, service scape and costs affect the satisfaction.Survey data collected from 206 mobile users were used to test our research model using a variety of Moderated regression techniques. Findings:The empirical findings indicate that outcome, fluid interaction, service scape, costs significantly affect user satisfaction. Furthermore, my empirical result from various moderation tests shows that user mediates the relationships between mobile app-quality drivers and user satisfaction. This paper can provide mobile apps service supplying firms a plan to produce paid apps, or change existing free apps into paid ones with alternatives for profit creation through statistical comparative analysis between paid and free apps. Improvements/Applications:The perceived result quality, service scape quality and the perceived costs of mobile app services by customers will have a positive influence on customer satisfaction. The perceived costs of mobile app services by customers will have more significant impacts in free mobile apps over paid ones.

Keywords: Mobile Internet Service Quality (MOBISQUAL), Outcome Quality, Fluid Interaction Quality, Contextual Interaction Quality, Service Scape Quality.
Scope of the Article: Mobile Applications and Services for IoT

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H11850688S219

IJITEE Journal — Wed, 25 Oct 2023 03:45:00 +0000

A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of the Training System of an Augmented Reality-based Automated External Defibrillator with an added Tactile Sense
Chongsan Kwon¹, Dong Hyun Kim²

¹Chongsan Kwon, Department of Computer Engineering, Dongseo University, Busan, Korea, East Asian.

²Dong Hyun Kim, Department of Computer Engineering, Dongseo University, Busan, Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: This comparative study verifies the positive effects on learning by adding tactile senses to a training system for augmented reality (AR) automated external defibrillator (AED) using smart glasses. An AR-AED training system using HoloLense was developed. Then, differences on direct experiences between learning using simple gesture recognition and with added tactile senses using surrounding objects were compared. Vividness, presence, flow, and experientiality were analyzed as points capable of enhancing learning AR and virtual reality (VR). Two groups experienced the AR AED training system and the AED training system adding tactile senses. The vividness, presence, flow, and experientiality of the AR-AED training system with added tactile senses were higher than the AR-AED training system using gesture recognition. Thus, the participants of the tactile sense-added learning group perceive virtual objects to be realer than participants of the gesture recognition-based learning group, and felt that the virtual objects existed in actual environments. Enhanced flow directly related to enhanced learning, which concludes enhanced tactile senses using actual objects affect enhanced learning. Since gesture recognition-based AR-AED training is similar to a simulated stage experience, which is like indirect experiences in the experientiality stage, tactile sense-added learning is close to the exploratory stage and spectator stage of touching and seeing objects. Thus, it is concluded that learning effects would be enhanced by adding tactile senses by connecting the training system with actual objects based on prior studies indicating that vividness, presence, flow, and experientiality have a quantitative correlation with the learning effects. This comparative study verified that tactile interaction through physical interaction with virtual objects is important in education requiring physical training and practical experience, such as AED training.

Keywords: Augmented Reality, Automated External Defibrillator Training, Holo Lens, Smart Glasses, CPR.
Scope of the Article: Computer Graphics, Simulation, and Modelling

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H11840688S219

IJITEE Journal — Wed, 25 Oct 2023 03:37:45 +0000

A Comparative Study on the Implementation an Efficient Indoor Navigation using Smart Devices in Disaster Situations
Linh H. Ngo¹, Yoon Young Park², Manh Luong Tien³, Se-Yeob Kim⁴, Kyung-Oh Lee⁵

¹Ngo Hai Linh, Master Student, Department of Computer Science, Sun Moon University, Korea, East Asian.

²Park Yoon Young, Professor, Department of Computer Science, Sun Moon University, Korea, East Asian.

³Luong Tien Manh, Master Student, Department of Computer Science, Sun Moon University, Korea, East Asian.

⁴Kim Se-Yeob, P.H.D. Student, Department of Computer Science, Sun Moon University, Korea, East Asian.

⁵Lee Kyung-Oh, Professor, Department of Computer Science, Sun Moon University, Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: In the last 10 years, scientists developed numerous indoor navigation systems but most of these systems are operated in robotic area. But due to the significant advance in technology, large number of smart devices developed. This phenomenon draws massive intention to human navigation topic. As a result, numerous indoor navigation systems for human have been developed and practiced in many research areas, for example marketing, asset management and tracking, security and so on. Disaster management is one of them, we can reduce casualties in emergency circumstances. In this paper, we propose an indoor navigation mechanism on smart devices combining map building and path planning techniques. The semantic map technique is adopted in this work to solve the map building task. This approach also comes in handy when deals with path planning task. Besides that, A method is used to find the shortest path. The proposed method can be applied to help people in disaster situations.

Keywords: Human Navigation, Indoor Navigation, Disaster Situation, Path Planning, Semantic Map.
Scope of the Article: Computer Science and Its Applications

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H11830688S219

IJITEE Journal — Mon, 23 Oct 2023 12:56:57 +0000

A Comparative Study on the Carbon Diffusion Characteristics in C 0.20 – Cr 1.14 Carburized Alloy Steel
Chang-Yeol Oh¹, Bo-An Kang², Choon Yoo³, Sang-Jin Yoon⁴

¹Chang-Yeol Oh, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nambu University, Gwang –Ju, Korea, East Asian.

²Bo-An Kang, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nambu University, Gwang –Ju, Korea, East Asian.

³Choon Yoo, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nambu University, Gwang –Ju, Korea, East Asian.

⁴Sang-Jin Yoon, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nambu University, Gwang –Ju, Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: Gas carburization, which is heat treated with CO2 gas, is a common heat treatment method used for mass production. This method is used to improve the mechanical properties of most metal products, such as mechanical parts, automotive parts, and aircraft. The experiment was carried out in an RX gas atmosphere containing propane gas in an alloy steel containing C 0.2 wt% And Cr 1.14 wt%. As a result, the Vickers hardness was measured at 725 HV at a carburizing depth of 0.1 mm and 570 HV at 1.5 mm. Observation of the carburized specimens by optical microscope revealed that ferrite and pearlite structures were observed in the pre-carburized structure, but most layered martensite structure appeared after carburization. Simulation results show that the carburizing capacity of the surface layer was up to 0.7% C when the carbon potential was 1.0-1.1 wt% and the diffusion carbon potential was 0.75 wt%. However, when the carbon potential was 1.0 wt% and the diffusion carbon potential was 0.85 wt%, the surface layer was carburized to 0.8 % C. In the future, we will study corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance among the mechanical properties that are necessary to be used as automotive parts in order to contribute to the prolongation of the life span of automobile parts.

Keywords: Gas Carburization, Carburizing depth, Carbon diffusion, Simulation
Scope of the Article: Mechanical Maintenance

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H11820688S219

IJITEE Journal — Mon, 23 Oct 2023 12:50:36 +0000

Comparative Study on Implementation of 3D Virtual Simulator System for Manufacturing Facilities Programming Education
Hyeon-Ho Seo¹, Koo-Rack Park², Dong-Hyun Kim³

¹Hyeon-Ho Seo, Department of IT Convergence, Kongju National University, Korea, East Asian.

²Koo-Rack Park, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Kongju National University, Korea, East Asian.

³Dong-Hyun Kim, Department of Computer Engineering, Kongju National University, Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: The Fourth Industrial Revolution has introduced the widespread automation of facilities in production manufacturing sites through PLC(Programmable Logic Controllers). While this has led to the construction of smart factories, technology for operating manufacturing facilities is insufficient, and there is an urgent need for PLC programming education. In this regard, this paper presents a virtual simulator model for PLC programming education that uses a simulator technique. Methods/Statistical analysis: Extending beyond factory automation, PLC is a key component of building smart factories and plays an integral role in manufacturing. However, most platforms for PLC education are represented in 2D, contributing too many difficulties in education and training. Moreover, PLC education is not realistic in places other than large-scale educational institutions. The development of 3D virtual facility simulators using physical engines has increased with improvements in PC performance. This trend has facilitated the implementation of systems using simulators for PLC programming learning, in which manufacturing facilities can be operated without huge costs. Findings: A type of controller widely used in the product manufacturing industry, PLC is a very effective system in terms of production cost and has proven reliable as well. This paper presents a virtual facility simulator comprising a physical engine. It consists of a simulator for displaying the correct answer for training and a simulator for displaying program written by the operator. The middleware is also configured to communicate the information of the correct answer program and inspection program to the virtual facility simulator and unique memory area. The start trigger function is embedded to enable the correct answer module and inspection module to start operation simultaneously, while the PLC Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is equipped with emulator functionality to enable program practice and testing even without a PLC. The model operates through a repeater that transmits signals between the test response module and the PLC emulator through a signal transmission module. This not only alleviates existing economic problems but also improves educational effectiveness in various aspects such as accessibility through online education, time-saving, and level of interest. Improvements/Applications: Amidst active discussions on engineering education, future studies should investigate mounting the correct answer module in not only PLC education simulators but also simulators of various other devices.

Keywords: PLC Programming, Ladder Diagram, 3D Virtual Simulator, Physical Engine, Middleware.
Scope of the Article: Cyber-Physical Systems

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H11810688S219

IJITEE Journal — Mon, 23 Oct 2023 12:45:16 +0000

Comparative Study on the Ventilation Flow Loss and Influence according to Seating Position in Car Seat
Kyungtae Lee¹, Dooseuk Choi²

¹Kyungtae Lee, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Kongju National University, Chungnam, Korea, East Asian.

²Dooseuk Choi, Professor, Division of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Kongju National University, Chungnam, Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: Convenience features and performances are required to meet the diverse and sophisticated requirements of consumers including technological advances. We classified the seating positions into the normal seating typically preferred by the driver, right sitting, and lying seating position through subjective evaluation, and tested with the same person depending on the different seating positions. For the test equipment, constant temperature and humidity chamber were used to reproduce the environmental conditions. As a result, it was found that the driver’s sitting position affects the flow loss. The average temperature was less than Cush 0.7℃/Back 0.3℃, and the normal sitting position showed relatively high performance. Consequently, it was confirmed that the seat surface temperature with no driver was influenced by the ambient temperature of the chamber even when the ventilation system was turned on.

Keywords: Body Pressure Distribution, Body Pressure Ratio, Vehicle Seat, Ventilation System, Thermal Electronic Device.
Scope of the Article: Community Information Systems

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H11800688S219

IJITEE Journal — Mon, 23 Oct 2023 12:39:10 +0000

A Comparative study on Data Crawling and Extraction of Climate Change Issues Using Machine Learning Technique
Do-Yeon Kim¹, Dae-Yong Jin², Kuk-Jin Han³, Seong-Taek Park⁴

¹Do-Yeon Kim, Researcher Fellow, Department of Korea Environment Institute, Sicheong-Daero, Sejong-Si, Republic of Korea, East Asian.

²Dae-Yong Jin, Research Fellow, Department of Korea Environment Institute, Sicheong-Daero, Sejong-Si, Republic of Korea, East Asian.

³Kuk-Jin Han, Researcher Fellow, Department of Korea Environment Institute, Sicheong-Daero, Sejong-Si, Republic of Korea, East Asian.

⁴Seong-Taek Park, Professor, Sungkyunkwan University, Seonggyungwan-Ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea, East Asian.

Abstract: Many different problems are triggered in different fields such as society, culture, and economy due to constant climate change problems. As time goes by, its influences are mounting and national attention is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to understand various issues and improve policies on climate change. If it is possible to analyze information from media outlet data created on real time by using text mining technique, various climate change issues can be understood. In this comparative study, therefore will collect news article data related to climate change, identify issues utilizing text mining, and see complex information through the detailed analysis considering the characteristics of the text. We crawled news related to climate change issues and analyzed related keywords in terms of cause, result (phenomenon), and response. First, we extracted news related to climate change by using keyword-based document extraction method and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)-based document extraction method. In addition, we propose four related keyword analysis methods using Word2Vec, which is one of word embedding methods, and keyword frequency based method. Methods proposed in this comparative study are expected to be used in extracting and analyzing data on other specific issues not upcoming climate change issues.

Keywords: Climate Change, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, LDA, Word2Vec.
Scope of the Article: Machine Learning

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