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<timestamp>20230825083147471</timestamp>
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<journal_metadata>   <full_title>International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering</full_title>   <abbrev_title>IJITEE</abbrev_title>   <issn media_type='electronic'>22783075</issn>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijitee</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijitee.org/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_metadata> <journal_issue>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>08</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2023</year>   </publication_date>   <journal_volume>     <volume>12</volume>   </journal_volume>   <issue>9</issue> </journal_issue><!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>A New Efficient Forgery Detection Method using Scaling, Binning, Noise Measuring Techniques and Artificial Intelligence (Ai)</title>   </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Research Scholar, Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Bhagwant University, Ajmer (Rajasthan), India.</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Mahesh</given_name>      <surname>Enumula</surname>      <ORCID>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5931-3830</ORCID>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Dr. M.</given_name>       <surname>Giri</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Siddharth Institute of Engineering and Technology, Puttur (Karnataka), India.</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Dr. V. K.</given_name>       <surname>Sharma</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Professor, Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Bhagwant University, Ajmer (Rajasthan), India.</organization>   </contributors>    <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>In the market new updated editing tools and technologies are available to edit images and with help of these tools images are easily forged. In this research paper we proposed new forgery detection technique with estimation of noise on various scale of input image affect of noise in input image, frequency of images are also changed due to noise, noise signal correlated with original input images and in compressed images quantization level frequency also changed due to noise.We partition input image into M X N blocks, resized blocks are proceed further, image colors are also taken into consideration, each block noise value is evaluated at local level and global level. For each color channel of input image estimate local and global noise levels are estimated and compared using binning method. Also measured heat map of each block and each color channel of input image and all these values are stored in bins. Finally from all noise values calculate average mean value of noise, with these values decide whether input image is forgery or not, and performance of proposed method is compared with existing methods.</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>08</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2023</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>17</first_page>     <last_page>21</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijitee.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>     <custom_metadata>       <assertion explanation='Journal Name' group_label='Journal Name' group_name='Journal' name='Declaration' order='0'>International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)</assertion>       <assertion explanation='Funding' group_label='Funding' group_name='Funding' name='Declaration' order='1'>No Funding.</assertion>       <assertion explanation='Conflicts of Interest' group_label='Conflicts of Interest' group_name='Conflicts-of-Interest' name='Declaration' order='2'>No conflicts of interest to the best of our knowledge.</assertion>       <assertion explanation='Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate' group_label='Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate' group_name='Ethical-Approval-and-Consent-to-Participate' name='Declaration' order='3'>No, the article does not require ethical approval and consent to participate with evidence.</assertion>       <assertion explanation='Availability of Data and Material' group_label='Availability of Data and Material' group_name='Availability-of-Data-and-Material' name='Declaration' order='4'>Not relevant.</assertion>       <assertion explanation='Authors Contributions' group_label='Authors Contributions' group_name='Authors-Contributions' name='Declaration' order='5'>All authors having equal contribution for this article.</assertion>     </custom_metadata>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijitee.I9703.0812923</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijitee.org/portfolio-item/I97030812923/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article>
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