79c3beb019520509b30-274d 20250220120906891 beie:beie director@blueeyesintelligence.org WEB-FORM International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering IJITEE 22783075 10.35940/ijitee https://www.ijitee.org/ 02 28 2025 14 3 Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Golaghat (Assam), India. Kishor Saikia https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9663-7623 Dr. Aditya Bihar Kandali Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Golaghat (Assam), India. This research proposes a comprehensive synchrophasor-based fault analysis framework for power grids, aimed at enhancing fault detection, localization, and system recovery. The framework models a real-world power network using Simulink, incorporating essential components such as buses, generators, three-phase transmission lines, and load systems. Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are strategically deployed across the network to provide synchronized measurements of voltage and current phasors, including magnitude, phase angle, and frequency, referenced to a common GPS-based time signal. This setup enables precise monitoring and analysis of system behavior under steady-state and fault conditions. The study examines two fault scenarios: single-line-to-ground (SLG) and three-phase faults, introduced at Bus B4. The results reveal significant deviations in system parameters during fault conditions, including voltage collapse, current surges, phase angle shifts, and frequency disturbances. Single-line-to-ground faults exhibited faster recovery times for voltage (0.8 s), frequency (0.6 s), and phase angle (0.7 s) compared to three-phase faults, where recovery times extended to 2.5 s, 2.8 s, and 3.0 s, respectively. The rate of change of phase angle (ROCOA) was identified as a key indicator for fault detection and localization, with PMUs capturing sharp ROCOA spikes at the fault location. The proposed framework successfully validates the effectiveness of PMU-based synchro-phasor technology in detecting and localizing faults in real time. The analysis highlights the differences in system response between single-line-to-ground and three-phase faults, demonstrating the severity of the latter. The findings underscore the need for rapid recovery strategies, especially for severe faults, to ensure system stability and reliability. This framework contributes to the development of Wide Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS) for modern smart grids, offering enhanced situational awareness, faster fault response, and improved system resilience. 02 28 2025 1 8 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijitee.org true International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) Based on my understanding, this article has no conflicts of interest. This article has not been funded by any organizations or agencies. This independence ensures that the research is conducted with objectivity and without any external influence. The content of this article does not necessitate ethical approval or consent to participate with supporting documentation. The adequate resources of this article are publicly accessible. Each author has individually contributed to the article. Dr. Aditya Bihar Kandali, Defined the scope of the study and identified key challenges in fault analysis and recovery in power grids. Kishor Saikia, Contributed the guidence throughout the research work. 10.35940/ijitee.B1040.14030225 https://www.ijitee.org/portfolio-item/B104014020125/