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  <timestamp>20250526085500933</timestamp>
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  <full_title>International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering</full_title>
  <abbrev_title>IJITEE</abbrev_title>
  <issn media_type='electronic'>22783075</issn>
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  <doi>10.35940/ijitee</doi>
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  <publication_date media_type='online'>
    <month>05</month>
    <day>30</day>
    <year>2025</year>
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  <journal_volume>
    <volume>14</volume>
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  <issue>6</issue>
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  <titles>
  <title>Stabilization and Performance Analysis of an Inverted Pendulum using Classical and Intelligent Control Techniques</title>
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  <contributors>
    <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat (Assam), India.</organization>
    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>
     <given_name>Shrutosom</given_name>
      <surname>Mukherjee</surname>
      <ORCID>https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5320-7562</ORCID>
    </person_name>
    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>
      <given_name>Dr. Mrinal</given_name>
      <surname>Buragohain</surname>
    </person_name>
   <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat (Assam), India.</organization>
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  <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>
    <jats:p>The inverted pendulum system is a classical control theory benchmark known for its nonlinear and unstable dynamics. This paper presents a comparative study of three advanced control strategies: Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), Model Predictive Control (MPC), and Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) for stabilizing an inverted pendulum system. Each controller is designed to stabilize the pendulum upright while minimizing the cart displacement. Performance is evaluated based on settling time, rise time, steady-state error, and control effort under nominal and perturbed conditions, including varying pendulum mass and initial angle. Results indicate that while LQR offers a fast response, it demands high control energy. MPC ensures precise tracking but is computationally intensive. FLC provides a robust and energy-efficient balance, making it ideal for uncertain environments.</jats:p>
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<publication_date media_type='online'>
    <month>05</month>
    <day>30</day>
    <year>2025</year>
  </publication_date>  <publication_date media_type='online'>
    <month>05</month>
    <day>30</day>
    <year>2025</year>
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  <pages>
  <first_page>27</first_page>
  <last_page>35</last_page>
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      <assertion explanation='Declaration' group_label='Declaration' group_name='Declaration' label='Conflicts of Interest' name='Declaration' order='2'>Based on my understanding, this article has no conflicts of interest.</assertion>
      <assertion explanation='Declaration' group_label='Declaration' group_name='Declaration' label='Funding Support' name='Declaration' order='3'>This article has not been funded by any organizations or agencies. This independence ensures that the research is conducted objectively and without external influence.</assertion>
      <assertion explanation='Declaration' group_label='Declaration' group_name='Declaration' label='Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate' name='Declaration' order='4'>The content of this article does not necessitate ethical approval or consent to participate with supporting documentation.</assertion>
      <assertion explanation='Declaration' group_label='Declaration' group_name='Declaration' label='Data Access Statement and Material Availability' name='Declaration' order='5'>The adequate resources of this article are publicly accessible.</assertion>
      <assertion explanation='Declaration' group_label='Declaration' group_name='Declaration' label='Authors Contributions' name='Declaration' order='6'>The authorship of this article is contributed equally to all participating individuals.</assertion>
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  <doi>10.35940/ijitee.F1092.14060525</doi>
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