Archive for: Volume-5

S. No

Volume-5 Issue-7, December 2015, ISSN:  2278-3075 (Online)
Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd. 

Page No.

1.

Authors:

Aayush Shah, TwishaVyas, Siddharth Shah, Abhijit Patil

Paper Title:

Automated Essay Grader

Abstract:   Essays are crucial testing tools for assessing academic achievements, integration of ideas and ability to recall, but are expensive and time consuming to grade manually. Manual grading of essays takes up a significant amount of instructor’s valuable time, and hence is an expensive process. Automated grading, if proven to match or exceed the reliability of human graders, will significant reduce costs.  The purpose of this project is to implement and train machine learning algorithms to automatically asses and grade response. These grades from the automatic grading system should match the human grades consistently. Currently, automated grading is used instead of second graders in some high-stakes applications, and as the only grading scheme in low stakes evaluation.

Keywords:  Automated essay grader; Machine Learning; Natural Language Processing; Linear Regression.

References:
1.     Adamson, Alex, Andrew Lamb, and Ralph Ma. “Automated Essay Grading.” (2014).
2.     Mahana, Manvi, Mishel Johns, and Ashwin Apte. “Automated essay grading using machine learning.” Mach. Learn. Session, Stanford University (2012).
3.     Song, Shihui, and Jason Zhao. “Automated Essay Scoring Using Machine Learning.”
4.     Preston, Dan, and Danny Goodman. “Automated Essay Scoring and The Repair of Electronics.” Technical rep ort, http://snap. stanford. edu/class/cs341-2012/reports/03-Preston_cs341_-_Dan_and_Danny_-_Final. pdf (2012).
5.     Natural Language Processing [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing

1-3

2.

Authors:

Stavros Sakellariou, Stergios Tampekis, Fani Samara, Olga Christopoulou, Athanassios Sfougaris

Paper Title:

Observatories Establishment for the Prevention of Forest Fires. The case of Thasos Island, Greece

Abstract: Forests are primary providers of fundamental tangible and intangible goods to our planet, from vital chemical substances (O2) to more economic issues (wood for economic activity etc.). Hence, for the comprehensive protection of these priceless ecosystems, immediate detection of forest fires is of vital importance, so that the firefighting forces may react in the least possible time before forest fires take large dimensions with unpredictable consequences. Primary aim of the paper is the immediate fire detection through establishing observatories across the entire area of a Greek island, Thasos. Vital objective is the selection of the most efficient observatories in terms of maximizing the visible area as well as their optimal location for avoiding significant degree of overlapping. According to the visibility analysis, the five most efficient observatories in terms of visible area and least degree of overlapping have been selected. In addition, establishing only 5 observatories, we will be able to monitor approximately 42% of the entire study area and its corresponding land cover types. Certainly, the visibility potential could be increased if the firefighting authority decides to establish more than 5 observatories, which means demand of additional financial resources.

Keywords:   Forest fires, Fire detection, Visibility analysis, Observatories, GIS, Thasos, Greece 

References:
1.        Demir M., Kucukosmanoglu A., Hasdemir M., Ozturk T. and Acar H., 2009. Assessment of forest roads and firebreaks in Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology. 8(18): 4553-4561
2.        Forest Service of Thasos island, 2012.
3.        Hellenic Military Geographic Service 2012
4.        Majlingova A., 2012 Opening-up of forests for fire extinguishing purposes. Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering. 33(1): 159-168
5.        Narayanaraj G. and Wimberly M.C., 2012. Influences of forest roads on the spatial patterns of human- and lightning-caused wildfire ignitions. Applied Geography 32: 878-888
6.        Oguz Coban H. and Eker M., 2010. Analysis of forest road network conditions before and after forest fire. In Proceedings of FORMEC 2010. Forest Engineering: Meeting the Needs of the Society and the Environment. July 11 – 14, 2010, Padova – Italy.
7.        Pompa-García M., Solís-Moreno R., Rodríguez-Téllez E., Pinedo-Álvarez A., Avila-Flores D., Hernández-Díaz C. and Velasco-Bautista E., 2010. Viewshed Analysis for Improving the Effectiveness of Watchtowers, in the North of Mexico. The Open Forest Science Journal, 2010, 3, 17-22
8.        Pompa-García M., Zapata-Molina M., Hernández-Díaz C., Rodríguez-Téllez E., 2012. Geospatial Model as Strategy to Prevent Forest Fires: A Case Study. Journal of Environmental Protection, 2012, 3, 1034-1038
9.        Sakellariou S., Samara F., Tampekis S., Sfougaris A. and Christopoulou O., 2015. Targeting to an efficient prevention strategy of forest fires, estimating the fire hazard on islands. The case study of Thasos island, Greece. International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT). ISSN: 2347-6389, Volume-2 Issue-11, October 2015, pp. 27-32.
10.     Stergiadou A., Valese E. and Lubello D., 2007. Detailed Cartography System of fuel types for preventing forest fires. In Proceedings of 6^th International workshop of the EARSeL special interest group on forest fires. Advances in remote sensing and GIS applications in forest fire management. Towards an operational use ofremote sensing in forest fire management. 27-29 September 2007, Thessaloniki – Greece.
11.     Tampekis S., Samara F., Sakellariou S., Sfougaris A. and Christopoulou O. 2015. Mapping the Optimal Access to the Natural Resources based on Spatial Planning. The Case Study of Thassos Island, Greece.  International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-5 Issue-3, August 2015
12.     Wikipedia, 2015. http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%82 (accessible on 12/3/2015)

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3.

Authors:

Rijuta Wagh, Janvi Shah, Khyati Shah, Sindhu Nair

Paper Title:

Profiling and Jury Selection Using Sentiment Analysis

Abstract:  Jury Selection is the process of selecting 12 jury members from a pool of random people. These selected Jurors attend the trial proceedings and after the closing statements give a verdict on whether the defendant is guilty or not. For a defendant to be pronounced guilty or not guilty the jurors must unanimously vote on it. If there isn’t a unanimous vote, then there is a mistrial. A mistrial can mean the whole case being restarted or the case being retired, meaning the case will not be pursued further. Thus the selection of the correct jurors is paramount to a decision in our favor, whichever side we may represent. We aim to develop a model in which the opinion of Twitter users is analyzed to create demographics which the lawyer can use for jury selection. Upon extracting data from Twitter based on hash tags pertaining to a certain case, the data undergoes an extensive cleaning process. We first classify the people according to age, sex, and profession and then plot graphs that can be statistically compared. This helps lawyers to make informed decisions and select a jury favorable to his/her case.

Keywords: Maximum Entropy, Naïve Bayes, Neural networks Sentiment Analysis, SVMs

References:
1.        http://www.thejuryexpert.com/2011/09/trial-strategy-using-social-media-analytics/
2.        Bollen, J., Pepe, A., & Mao, H. (2009). Modeling public mood and emotion: Twitter sentiment and socioeconomic phenomena, Nov 2009.
3.        Andrew L. Maas, Raymond E. Daly, Peter T. Pham, Dan Huang, Andrew Y. Ng, and Christopher Potts. (2011). Learning Word Vectors for Sentiment Analysis. The 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2011).
4.        Ms. K. Nirmala1 Devi, Ms. K. Mouthami, Dr. V. MuraliBhaskaran’Sentiment Analysis and Classification Based on Textual Reviews’,2012.
5.        Kennedy, Alistair, and Diana Inkpen. “Sentiment classification of movie reviews using contextual valence shifters.” Computational Intelligence 22.2 (2006): 110
125.
6.        B. Pang, L. Lee, and S. Vaithyanathan. Thumbs up? Sentiment classification using machine learning techniques. Proceedings of the 2002 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pages 79–86,2002.
7.        A. Esuli and F. Sebastiani. Sentiwordnet: A publicly available lexical resource for opinion mining. pages 417–422,2006.
8.        Tong. An operational system for detecting and tracking opinions in on-line discussion. In Proceedings SIGIR 2001 Workshop on Operational Text Classification, 2001.
9.        H. Witten & E. Frank. Data Mining: Practical machine learning tools and techniques. Morgan Kaufmann,2^ndedition,2005.

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4.

Authors:

Karan Napanda, Sujil Shah, Ojas Kharbe, Sindhu Nair

Paper Title:

Analysing and Improving Student Performance Using Data Mining and Business Intelligence

Abstract:   Academic failures among university students have been the subject of concern in higher education community. Students drop out due to poor academic performance as early as in the first year of their university enrolment. Many interested parties’ debate and try to find reasons for this poor performance. Consequently, the ability to predict a student’s performance could be useful in many ways to stakeholders of higher education institutions. The proposed system puts forward data mining techniques used to identify the significant variables that affects and influences the performance of undergraduate students. Students’ demographic and past academic performance data are then used to study the academic pattern. The knowledge is hidden among the educational data set and it is extractable through various data mining techniques. Such knowledge can be extracted from end semester exams, talents, ethics, grasping power, involvement in extracurricular activities, mid term tests and other educational data sets. Data classification algorithms coupled with decision trees assist in such extraction which can further be analyzed to produce semantic rules to predict student’s final performance. The system utilizes semantic web technologies such as ontologies and semantic rules to enhance the quality of the educational content and the delivered learning activities to each student. This proposed system generates a type of confidence among the students and teachers. Hence, the system aims to analyse this extracted such data and mine educational data to produce graphical and statistical results which can help in the improvement of student’s performance and also give tutors an overview of the proficiency of the student’s learning abilities.

Keywords:  Data Mining, ID3, Naïve Bayes, Perceptron Learning rule, Student Performance Analysis

References:
1.       Brijesh Kumar Baradwaj, Saurabh PalMining Educational, Data to Analyze Students‟ Performance, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No. 6, 2011
2.       J. Han and M. Kamber, “Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques,” Morgan Kaufmann, 2000
3.       http://www.saedsayad.com/naive_bayesian.htm
4.       Mrinal Pandey, Vivek Kumar Sharma, A Decision Tree Algorithm Pertaining to the Student Performance Analysis and Prediction, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 61– No.13, January 2013.
5.       Jia-Lin CHEN and Jyh-Yeong CHANG, Fuzzy Perceptron Learning and Its Application to Classifiers with Numerical Data and Linguistic
6.       Knowledge, Neural Networks, 1995. Proceedings., IEEE International Conference

16-19

5.

Authors:

Sanat Kumar Sahu

Paper Title:

Need for Eco-Friendly Architecture of Computing and Telecommunications Devices: Green Computing Perspective

Abstract:  Green computing, also called green technology is the present need for safe environment. Its major goals are to use computers  related resources like – monitors, printer, storage devices, networking and communication systems – efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment. There is need to study the effect of computing  resources , e-waste and other hazardous  element that are responsible for   global warming and changing nature of climate. So that how we can go for the eco-friendly Information and communications Technology, which aim to reduce the emissions of the CO2, CFC and N2O gases. To be safe from all the hazardous and harmful effect on environment, in the present time use of eco-friendly computers and electronic products has to be adopted. Business industries, Government and Nonprofit organizations should learn and adopt the future of Green computing. In this paper I intend to review the state and art of e-waste and in addition examine the possible solutions for prospect research advice to make possible green Computing.

Keywords: Green computing, Energy Star, Kyoto Protocol, EPEAT, Green House, Global Warming, Environm.

References:
1.     Shinde Sharmila , Nalawade  Simantini,  Nalawade  Ajay, “ Green Computing: Go Green and Save Energy”,   published in  the International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering  Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2013 ISSN: 2277 128X pp 1033- 1037
2.     Lakshmi  S.V.S.S, Sarwani  I Sri Lalita  , Tuveera M.Nalini,”A Study On Green Computing: The Future Computing And Eco-Friendly Technology,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1282-1285
3.     Lilius Johan ,”Green Computing”, Abo Akdemi University, published in  the article January 19, 2012 pp 1-67
4.     Chen Yuh-Shyan,” Green Computing”  , published in the article Chaptert-11 WMNLab NTPUCSIE  pp1-80
5.     5.” Kyoto Protocol “ ,published in the article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol
6.     Patra Asit K, “Environmental regulations in india” published Constitution – Article 48a:Indian Constitution – Article 51-A (G)
7.     Curtis Lewis “A comprehensive understanding of environmental sustainability needs for IT infrastructure system design.”,Published in the The Architecture Journal #18 www.architecturejournal.net pp-28
8.     Aggarwal Swati,. Garg Monika, Kumar Pramod SRGC,
9.     “ Green Computing is SMART COMPUTING –– A  Survey “,published in the International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ijetae.com ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 2, February 2012 pp 297-30

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6.

Authors:

Y. B. I. Shaheen, A. A.  El Sayed

Paper Title:

Structural Behavior of Concrete Beams with Openings Reinforced with Innovative Composite Materials

Abstract:  This research aims at developing structural behavior of Ferro-cement beams with openings. To accomplish this objective, an extensive experimental program was conducted. In addition theoretical mathematical models were investigated. The experimental program comprised casting and testing of fourteen reinforced concrete beams of dimensions 200x100x2000mm.These beams are organized in six groups, Group number one is the control group in which beams are cast using conventional reinforcement where beam B1 was reinforced with two steel bars Φ12mm at the bottom and two steel bars Φ10mm at top. Number of steel stirrups 16 Φ 8mm. Beam B2 is the same as B1 but with the addition of polypropylene fibers to the concrete matrix. Group two consists of casting three beams namely B3, B4 and B5. Beam B3 was reinforced as B2 but with two openings of dimensions 10×20 cm located at equal distances from the end of the beam. Beams B4 and B5 were reinforced with two steel bars Φ 12mm at the bottom and two steel bars Φ10mm at the top with two and four layers welded steel meshes respectively. Group three comprises of casting and testing two beams B6 and B7 with two openings 10x20cm located at equal distances from the ends of beam and reinforced with one and two layers of expanded steel meshes respectively. Group four consists of casting and testing beams B8 and B9 which reinforced with one and two layers of fiber glass mesh for durability reason respectively. Group five consists of beams B10 and B11 having three openings and reinforced with four layers welded steel meshes and two layers expanded steel meshes respectively. Group six comprises beams B12, B13 and B14 with three openings and reinforced with four layers welded steel meshes, two layers expanded steel meshes and three layers welded steel meshes respectively. The test specimens were tested as simple beams under four line loadings on a span of 180cm. The performance of the test beams interms of strength, stiffness, cracking behavior, ductility, and energy absorption properties was investigated. The behavior of the developed beams was compared to that of the control beams. Two analytical models were modified and used to suit the developed composite beams one to predict the first crack load based on the well-known principles of strength of materials, and the other one to determine the ultimate strength and mode of failure based on the ultimate strength theory. The experimental results showed that high ultimate and serviceability loads, better crack resistance control, high ductility, and good energy absorption properties could be achieved by using the proposed beams. Comparison between the experimental results and the results obtained from the theoretical model showed that there is a close agreement for all beams. This agreement verified the validity of this model.

Keywords: Ferro-cement; Beams with openings; Experimental program; Structural behavior; Analytical model.

References:
1.        ACI Committee 549.1–R08. “Guide for the design, construction and repair of ferrocement”. ACI Structure Journal 2008.
2.        Elsakka A. M. (2007), “Structural Behavior of Masonry Units with Openings Strengthened With Ferrocement Layers Under Compression Loadings”, M._SC. Thesis submitted to Menoufia University, Egypt.
3.        E.H.Fahmy and Y.B.Shaheen, (1991), “Strengthening and Repairing of Reinforced Concrete Tanks”, Fourth Arab Structural Engineering Conference 18-21 November,
4.        E.H.Fahmy, Y.B.Shaheen, and Y.S.Korany,( January 1997, “Repairing Reinforced Concrete Beams Ferrocement”, Journal of Ferrocement: 27 (1).
5.        E.H.Fahmy, Y.B.Shaheen, and Y.S.Korany, (July 1997), “Use of Ferrocement Laminates for Repairing Reinforced Concrete Slabs”, Journal of Ferrocement: 27 (3),
6.        H. Fahmy, Y.B.Shaheen, Y.S.Korany, (April 1999), “Repairing Reinforced Concrete Columns Using Ferrocement Laminates”, Journal of Ferrocement: 29, (2),  115
124
7.        Hagenbach, T. M.,(Oct. 1972), “Experience of 300 Commercially Built Craft in More Than 20 Countries, FAO Seminar on the Design and Construction of Ferrocement Fishing Vessels”, Wellington, PP. 22 (Also, Fishing News, West Byfleet, Surrey.)
8.        Washington, D.C (Feb.1973), “Ferrocement: Applications in Developing Countries”, National Academy of Science, PP. 90.
9.        (Jan. 1981) “Housing Application in Ferrocement”, Journal of Ferrocement (Bangkok), 11 (1) Special Issue, 108- 112.
10.     Barberio, V., (May-June 1975), “CupulasDelgadas de Ferrocemento Para UnaInstalacionIetica en el Rio Pirino, Revista” IMCYC (Mexico, D.F.), 13 (74), 20-28.
11.     Lee, S. L.; et al., (Nov. 1983),” Ferrocement: Ideas Tested at the University of Singapore”, Concrete International: Design & Construction, 5 (11),  12-16.
12.     Paramasivam, P.; Ong, K. C. G.; and Lee, S. L., (1988), “Ferrocement Structures and Structural Elements, Steel Concrete Composite Structures”, R. Narayanan, Ed., Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd., 289-338.
13.     Naaman, A. E., and Shah, S. P., (May 1976 “Evaluation of “Ferrocement in Some Structural Applications,” Proceedings, 4th IAHS International Symposium on Housing Problems (Atlanta), Pergamon Press, Elms-ford, 1069-1085.
14.     Mahmoud Abo El-Wafa and Kimio Fukuzawa ” Flexural Behavior of Lightweight Ferrocement Sandwich Composite Beams” Journal of Science& Technology “Vol.(15), No. (1), 2010, JST(3)
15.     Noor Ahmed Memon, Salihuddin Radin Sumadi and Mahyuddin Ramli “strength and behavior of lightweight ferrocement -A erated concrete sandwich blocks” Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 18(2): 99-108 (2012).
16.     Yousry B I Shaheen 1, Mohamed A Safan 2, Abdalla M “Structural Behavior of Composite Reinforced Ferrocement Plates” concrete research letters,Vol. 3 (3) Sept. 201217.     E.C.P. 203/2007, 2007, Egyptian Code of Practice: Design and Construction for Reinforced Concrete Structures, Research Centre for Houses Building and Physical Planning, Cairo, Egypt.
18.     E.S.S. 1109/2008, 2008, Egyptian Standard Specification for Aggregates, Egypt.
19.     E.S.S. 4756-1/2009, 2009, Egyptian Standard Specification for Ordinary Portland Cement, Egypt.
20.     ASTM C 494-03, 2003, American Society for Testing and Materials: Chemical Admixtures, Philadelphia, USA.
21.     E.S.S. 262 /2011, 2011, Egyptian Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Egypt.
22.     ACI Committee 549.1–R08. “Guide for the design, construction and repair of ferrocement”. ACI Struct J 2008.

23-35

7.

Authors:

Adel Francis, Fabian Ardila

Paper Title:

The Chronographic Protocol: Validation of Textures and Colors

Abstract: Graphical modelling is considered to be a suitable approach for displaying project data because of its ability to communicate information clearly and effectively. Despite this fact, little research has been undertaken in this area with regards to the construction sector, and current methods and software do not propose standard graphical protocols. Therefore, it has been up to each planner to individually set his or her own standard. To addresses these shortcomings, the Chronographical modelling proposes a standard protocol. This paper presents the validation of the first phase of this standard protocol for construction project scheduling. This phase proposes two ranges of light and dark colors and a graphical convention for textures and shapes. The validation process was performed through a case study that evaluates the texture convention and color limits followed by the application of the proposed graphical convention to a building scheduling. These validations were performed through case studies that evaluated the visual data and assessed the necessary mental effort for finding information on the schedule. The results demonstrate clearly that the proposed convention helps to improve the visual clarity while simultaneously seeking to diminish the mental effort necessary for finding information.

Keywords: Chronographical, Construction Project, Protocol, Schedule.

References:
1.        M. Tory and T. Moller, “Human factors in visualization research,” Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE, vol. 10(1), 2004, pp. 72-84.
2.        H. G. Hawkins, “Evolution of the MUTCD: Part 2 – The Early Editions of the MUTCD”, Institute of Transportation Engineers, 1992, pp.17-23.
3.        APA (2013), LBCS Background. Available: http://www.planning.org/lbcs/background
4.        M. Tory, S. Staub-French, D. Huang, Y.-L. Chang, C. Swindells and R. Pottinger, “Comparative visualization of construction schedules,” Automation in Construction, Elsevier, 2013, vol. 29, pp. 68-82.
5.        D. Echeverry, C. W.  Ibbs and S. Kim, “Sequencing knowledge for construction scheduling,” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, vol. 117(1), 1991, pp. 118-130.
6.        B. Koo, M. Fischer and J. Kunz, “Formalization of construction sequencing rationale and classification mechanism to support rapid generation of sequencing alternatives,” Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, ASCE, vol. 21, 2007, pp. 423-433.
7.        J. M. Stott, P. Rodgers, R. A. Burkhard, M. Meier and M. T. J. Smis, “Automatic layout of project plans using a metro map metaphor,” Ninth International Conference on Information Visualisation, London, United Kingdom, IEEE, 2005, pp. 203-206.
8.        W. Aigner, S. Miksch, B. Thurnher and S. Biffl, “PlanningLines: Novel glyphs for representing temporal uncertainties and their evaluation,” Ninth International Conference on Information Visualisation, London, United Kingdom, IEEE, 2005, pp. 457-463.
9.        A. Francis, “La modélisation chronographique de la planification des projets de construction,” Montreal, Canada, École de technologie supérieure, 2004.
10.     A. Francis, “The Chronographical approach for construction project modelling,” Management, Procurement and Law, ICE, vol. 166 (MP4), 2013, pp. 188-204.
11.     P. Carrier-Fraser, A. Francis and M. J. McGuffin, “Conception d’un protocole graphique des opérations de construction par l’utilisation des textures et des couleurs, ” 4e Conférence spécialisée sur la construction,Montreal, Canada, CSCE, 2013, pp. CON-188, 1-10.
12.     F. Ardila and A. Francis, “Design and validation of the first phase of the new Chronographical standard protocol for construction project scheduling,” Proceedings of the 5th International/11th Construction Specialty Conference, ICSC 15, Vancouver, Canada, 2015, pp. 104(1-9)
13.     J. Encarnacao, J. Foley, S. Bryson, S. K. Feiner, and N. Gershon, “Research issues in perception and user interfaces,” Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE, vol. 14(2), 1994, pp. 67-69.
14.     J. F. Jr. Rodrigues, A. G. R. Balan, A. J. M. Traina, and C. Jr. Traina, “The visual expression process: bridging vision and data visualization,” 9th International Symposium in Smart Graphics. Berlin, Germany, Springer-Verlag, 2008, pp. 5166: 207-215.
15.     C. Ware, Information visualization : perception for design, 3rd Edition. Boston: Morgan Kaufmann, 536 p., 2013.
16.     J. Bertin, La graphique et le traitement graphique de l’information. Paris: Flammarion, 277 p., 1977.
17.     C. G. Healey, “Large Datasets at a Glance: Combining Textures and Colors in Scientific Visualization,” Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE, vol. 5(2), 1999, pp. 145-167.
18.     C. A. Brewer, “Color Use Guidelines for Mapping and Visualization,” In Visualization in Modern Cartography, Tarrytown, NY, Elsevier Science, Vol. 7, 1994, p. 123-147.
19.     C. A. Brewer and M. Harrower (2009), “Colorbrewer: Color Advice for Maps.” Available: http://colorbrewer2.org
20.     E. R.Tufte, The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, 2nd Edition. Cheshire: Graphics Press, 197 p., 2001.
21.     A. Wilkins, I. Nimmo-Smith, A. Tait, C. Mcmanus, S. Della-Sala, A. Tilley, K. Arnold, M. Barrie and S. Scott, “A Neurological basis for Visual Discomfort,” Brain, vol. 107(4), 1984, pp. 989-1017.
22.     BSI (2002), BS 8888 – Technical product documentation (TPD), Specification for defining, specifying and graphically representing products.
23.     BSI (1993), BS 308-1 – Engineering drawing practice, Recommendations for general principles.
24.     BSI (1987), BS 1192-3 – Construction drawing practice, Recommendations for symbols and other Graphic Conventions.
25.     BSI (1999), BS 5930 – Code of Practice for Site Investigations.
26.     BSI (2011), BS 8541-2 – Library objects for architecture, engineering and construction. Recommended 2D symbols of building elements for use in building information modeling.
27.     NIBS (2005),  National CAD Standard Version 3.1.
28.     CSI (2012). MasterFormat. Available: http://www.csinet.org/Home-Page-Category/Formats/MasterFormat.aspx
29.     H. Lam, E. Bertini, P. Isenberg, C. Plaisant,  and S. Carpendale, “Empirical Studies in Information Visualization: Seven Scenarios,” Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE, 18(9): 2012, 1520-1536.

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8.

Authors:

Bouchra Rahali, Mohammed Feham, Junwu Tao

Paper Title:

Design of Ka-Band Substrate Integrated Waveguide Bend, Power Divider and Circulator 

Abstract: Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) features interesting characteristics for the design of microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits. In this study, a substrate integrated waveguide bend, power divider and circulator are conceived and optimized in Ka- band by Ansoft HFSS code. Thus, through this modeling, design considerations and results are discussed and presented. Compact size and planar form make these devices structure easily integrated in planar circuits.

Keywords: Rectangular waveguide; microwave components; SIW; bend;power divider; circulator; HFSS.

References:
1.     D. Deslandes and K. Wu, “Design Consideration and Performance Analysis of Substrate Integrated Waveguide Components,” Europ. Microw. Conf., pp.1-4, Oct. 2002.
2.     Rahali Bochra, Feham Mohammed, Junwu TAO, “Design of optimal chamfered bends in Rectangular Substrate Integrated Waveguide”, IJCSI, International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 8, Issue 4, No 2, July 2011.
3.     Rahali Bouchra and Feham mohammed,”Design of Ku-Band Substrate Integrated Waveguide Phase Shifter ” IJIEE International Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 3, May 2014 ISSN (Online): 2010-3719 www.IJIEE.org
4.     Rahali Bouchra , Feham mohammed and Junwu Tao,”Analysis of S-Band Substrate Integrated Waveguide Power Divider, Circulator and Coupler” IJCSEA International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications, Vol. 4, No. 2, April 2014 ISSN (Online): 2230-9616 www. IJCSEA.org
5.     Rahali Bouchra and Feham mohammed,”Substrate Integrated Waveguide Power Divider, Circulator and Coupler in [10-15]GHz Band” IJIST International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques, Vol. 4, No. 1/2, March 2014  ISSN (Online):2249-1139 www. IJIST.org
6.     Rahali Bouchra  and Feham mohammed ,“Coupler, Power Divider and Circulator in V-Band Substrate Integrated Waveguide  Technology” IJCSA International Journal on Computational Sciences & Applications
7.     Vol.3, No.6, December 2013 ISSN (Online): 2200-0011 www.IJCSA.org
8.     Rahali Bouchra and Feham mohammed ,”Design of K-Band Substrate Integrated Waveguide Coupler, Circulator and Power Divider” IJIEE International Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2014  ISSN (Online): 2010-3719 www.IJIEE.org
9.     Y. J. Ban “Tunable Ferrite Phase Shifters Using Substrate Integrated Waveguide Technique“ Département de Génie Electrique Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Décembre 2010.
10.  Y. Cassivi, L. Perregrini, P. Arcioni, M. Bressan, K. Wu, G. Conciauro,“Dispersion    Characteristics of Substrate Integrated Rectangular Waveguide” IEEE Microw. Wireless Comp. Lett., Vol. 12, No. 9, pp. 333-335, 2002.
11.  Rahali Bouchra “Contribution à la Modélisation Electromagnétique des structures Complexes Hyperfréquences en Technologie SIW”, Thèse de doctorat, Département de Génie Electrique et Electronique, Faculté de Technologie, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid de Tlemcen Algérie Mai 2013.
12.  User’s guide – High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS), v11.0   Ansoft Corporation. 
13.  Dominic Deslandes and Ke Wu, “Integrated Micro strip and Rectangular Waveguide in Planar Form”, Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, IEEE, 2001, pp.68-70.
14.  Dominic Deslandes “Design Equations for Tapered Microstrip-to-Substrate Integrated Waveguide Transitions”, Microwave Symposium Digest, IEEE MTT-S International, pp. 704-707, 2010.

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9.

Authors:

Ananda Reddy.N, Vidya Sagar, Raju. M. C, Varma. S. V. K.

Paper Title:

Thermal and Solutal Buoyancy Effects on Viscous Dissipative and Chemically Reactive Fluid Flow past a Uniformly Moving Plate  With Variable Suction

Abstract: An attempt is made to study the chemical reaction effect on an unsteady free convection flow past a semi- infinite vertical plate with viscous dissipation. The governing equations of motion, energy, and species concentration are reduced into a set of ordinary differential equations by applying regular perturbation technique and then solved analytically. The effects of various parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration are presented and discussed through graphs.

Keywords: chemical reaction, free convection, viscous dissipation.

References:
1.        M. Y. Gokhale and F. M. AL. Samman, “Effects of mass transfer on the transient free convection flow of a dissipative fluid along a semi-infinite vertical plate with constant heat flux”, Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer, 46, (2003), pp. 999-1011.
2.        R. Cortell, “Effects of viscous dissipation and radiation on the thermal boundary layer over a nonlinearly stretching sheet,” Physics Letters A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics, vol.372 (5), (2008), pp. 631–636.  
3.        P. K. Singh, “Effects of variable fluid proper ties and viscous dissipation on mixed convection fluid flow past a vertical plate in porous medium”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Vol.3 (7), (2012), pp. 1-10.     
4.        P. Vyas, A. Rai, K.S. Shekhawat, “Dissipative heat and mass transfer in porous medium due to continuously moving plate”, Applied Mathematical Sciences, Vol.6 (87), (2012), pp. 4319-4330.
5.        V. ravi kumar, m. c. raju and g. s. s. raju, “heat and mass transfer effects on mhd flow of viscous fluid through non-homogeneous porous medium in presence of temperature dependent heat source”, international journal of contemporary mathematical sciences, Vol.7 (32), (2012), pp.1597-1604.
6.        R. Kandaswamy, B. Wahib, Md. Raj and B. Azme Khamis, “Effects of chemical reaction, heat and mass transfer on boundary layer flow over a porous wedge with heat radiation in presence of suction or injection”, Theatrical Applied Mechanics, 33(2), (2006), pp.123-148.
7.        R. Muthucumaraswamy, “Chemical reaction effects on vertical oscillating plate with variable temperature”. Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 16 (2), (2010), pp.167-173.
8.        O. D. Makinde, P. Sibanda, “Effects of chemical reaction on boundary layer flow past a vertical stretching surface in the presence of internal heat generation”, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, Vol.21 (6), (2011), pp.779 – 792.
9.        J. Rao, S. Shivaiah, “Chemical reaction effects on unsteady MHD flow past semi-infinite vertical porous plate with viscous dissipation”, Appl. Math. Mech. –Engl. Ed., 32 (8), (2011), 1065-1078.
10.     D. Pal, B. Talukdar, “Buoyancy and chemical reaction effects MHD mixed convection heat and mass transfer in a porous medium with thermal radiation and Ohmic heating”, Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, vol.15 (10), (2010), pp. 2878-2893.
11.     F. S. Ibrahim, A. M. Elaiw, and A. A. Bakier, “Effect of chemical reaction and radiation    absorption on the unsteady MHD free convection flow past a semi infinite vertical permeable moving plate with heat source suction”, Communications. Nonlinear. Science. Numerical simulation, 13, (2008), pp. 1056-1066.
12.     F. S. Ibrahim, and O. D. Makinde, “Chemically reacting MHD boundary layer flow of heat and mass transfer over a moving vertical plate with suction”, Scientific Research and Essays, Vol.5 (19), (2010), pp. 2875-2885.
13.     K. S. Balamurugan, S. V. K. Varma, K. Ramakrishna Prasad  and N. Ch. S. N. Iyengar, “Chemical reaction and Thermal diffusion effects on MHD three dimensional free convection couette flow with heat absorption”, International Journal of Advances in Sciences and Technology, Vol.3 (1), (2011), pp.58-92.
14.     N. Ananda Reddy, S. V. K. Varma and M. C. Raju, “Thermo diffusion and chemical effects with simultaneous thermal and mass diffusion in MHD mixed convection flow with Ohmic heating”. Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering vol.6 (2009), pp. 84-93.

48-53

S. No

Volume-5 Issue-9, February 2016, ISSN:  2278-3075 (Online)
Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd. 

Page No.

1.

Authors:

Ozlem Odabas, Mustafa Cem Kasapbasi

Paper Title:

Churn and Customer Segmentation Analyses with Data Mining Techniques for a Bookstore Company

Abstract: Data mining, through piles of very large data is the process of obtaining meaningful data. Nowadays, rapidly developing technique. In this technique; data are grouped, classified according to the relationship, the model is created. In the last stage; the generated models reviewed. Impacts of data mining are widely used, one of the areas allocated to the customer analysis and segmentation of customers. In this study, bookstore customer groups and customer of segment showing the tendency to leave are analyzing; campaigns and marketing strategies that are appropriate to the groups identified. Classification techniques are used for Churn Analysis, clustering techniques are used for Customer Segmentation, and then the appropriate model was created. WEKA software was used to determine the model to be created.

Keywords:   Data Mining, Churn Analysis, Customer Segmentation, Classification, Clustering

References:
1.        Rygielski C., Wang J., Yen D., “Data Mining Techniques for Customer RelationshipManagement”, Technology in Society, 24:483-502, 2002.
2.        Berkay M, ÇamurE,KoruM,Özkan Ö ve Rzayeva Z, “ VeriKümelerindenBilgiKeşfi : VeriMadenciliği” YüksekLisansTezi
3.        http://www.gurunlu.com/
4.        http://ceng.gazi.edu.tr/~ozdemir/teaching/dm/slides/10.DM.TWM.pdf
5.        http://www.iszekam.net/

1-6

2.

Authors:

Rena J. Kasumova, V.C. Mamedova, G.A. Safarova

Paper Title:

Phase Effects at Second Harmonic Generation in Zinc Oxide, Grown on Glass Substrate

Abstract:  Theoretical investigation of frequency conversion in ZnO films laid over glass substrates with account for phase effects has been developed. For this the constant-intensity approximation of fundamental radiation is applied. The numerical calculation of the efficacy obtained in constant-intensity approximation confirms the following that because of dispersion of the second order nonlinear optical coefficients the generated signal decreases for an increasing fundamental wavelength. Furthermore, the zinc oxide films generate stronger second harmonic signal because of the larger interaction length of the nonlinear medium. Method of analysis of second harmonic generation in zinc oxide, grown on glass substrate used in the present work, may be involved for research of other films.

Keywords:  nanocompo site film; glass substrate; second harmonic generation; constant-intensity approximation; frequency conversion.

References:
1.        Ma, H.; Jen, A.K.-Y.; Dalton, L.R.; Advanced Materials, 2002, 14, 1339-1365.
2.        Amore, Franco D; Lanata, Marta; Pietralunga, Silvia M.; Gallazzi, Maria C.; Zerbi, Giuseppe. Optical Materials, 2004, 24, 661–665.
3.        Bagnall, D.M. ; Chen, Y.F.; Zhu, Z.; Yao, T. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1998, 73, 1038-1040.
4.        Newmann, U.; Grunwald, R.; Griedner U.; Steinmeyer, G. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2004, 84, 170-172.
5.        Wang, G.; Kiehne, G.T.; Wong, G.K.L.; Ketterson, J.B.; Liu, X.; Chang, R.P.H. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2002, 80, 401-403.
6.        Ebothe, J.; Miedzinski, R.; Kapustianyk, V.; Turko, B.; Gruhn, W.; Kityk, I.V. XIII International Seminar on Physics and Chemistry of Solids. J. of Physics: Conf.Series, 2007, 79, 012001(1-8).
7.        Larciprete, M.C.; Haertle, D.; Belardini, A.; Bertolotti, M.; Sarto, F.; Güunter, P. Appl. Phys. B, 2006, 82, 431–437.
8.        Kulyk, B.; Sahraoui, B.; Krupka, O.; Kapustianyk, V.; Rudyk, V.; Berdowska, E.; Tkaczyk, S.; Kityk, I. J. of Appl. Phys., 2009, 106, 093102(1-6).
9.        Johnson, Justin C.; Yan, Haoquan; Schaller, R.D.; Petersen, P.B.; Yang, P.; Saykally, R.J. Nano Letters, 2002, 2, 279-283.
10.     Das, S.K.; Bock, M.; O’Neill, C.; Grunwald, R.; Lee, K.M.; Lee, H.W.; Lee, S.; Rotermund, F. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 93, 181112(1-3).11.     Blombergen, N. Nonlinear Optics, W.A. Benjamin, New York, 1965.
12.     Akhmanov, S. A.; Khokhlov, R. V. Problemy Nelineynoy Optiki [The Problems of Nonlinear Optics], VINITI, Moscow, 1964.
13.     Tagiev, Z.H.; Chirkin, A.S., Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 1977, 73 1271-1282 [Sov. Phys. JETP, 1977, 46, 669-680].
14.     Tagiev, Z.H.; Kasumova, R.J.; Salmanova, R.A.; Kerimova, N.V. J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclas. Opt. 2001, 3, 84-87.
15.     Tagiev, Z.A.; Kasumova, R.J. Optics and Spectroscopy, 1996, 80, No. 6, .848-850.
16.     Herman, W.N.; Hayden, L.M. JOSA B, 1995, 12, 416-427.
17.     Zhang, H. Y.; He, X. H.; Shih, Y. H.; Schurman, M.; Feng, Z. C.; Stall, R.A. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1996, 69, 2953-2955.
18.     Blachnik, R.; Chu, J.; Galazka, R.R.; Geurts, J.; Gutowski, J.; Hönerlage, B.; Hofmann, D.; Kossut, J.; L´evy, R.; Michler, P.; Neukirch, U.; Story, T.; Strauch, D.; Waag, A. Semi-magnetic Compounds, 1999, 41B, 52–53, U. Rössler (Ed.) Springer-Verlag GmbH.

7-13

3.

Authors:

Ebenezer Komla Gavua, Seth Okyere-Dankwa, Martin Offei

Paper Title:

The Importance of Management Information Systems in Educational Management in Ghana: Evidence from Koforidua Polytechnic

Abstract:   There is a clear synergy between the history of education policy and the development of educational management. Initial attempts at data collection helped support the formulation of the country’s national education policy. In spite of all the success chalked in the development of educational management; most educational institutions are faced with numerous challenges especially in the area of Information and Communications Technology. A study into the importance of Management Information Systems in educational management was undertaken among others to examine the role of MIS in improving educational management, examine how MIS could improve capacities in data processing, storage, analysis and the timely supply of educational information to management and administrators to enhance quick and efficient decision making. Stratified and purposive sampling techniques were the main sampling techniques employed. Interviews and Questionnaires were employed to gather data. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that cost, lack of competent Information Technology Staff to man the systems, lack of computer systems and accessories and the fear of the unknown were the major problems militating against the implementation of MIS in most institutions. Recommendation were made to aid in ameliorating the challenges discovered.Staff in the institution should be taken through in-service training on the use of computers.

Keywords:   Management Information Systems, Education Management, Information and Communication Technology.

References:
1.        Bloch, D., Hedberg, J.G. & Harper, B. (1994). Managing information systems in the school. International Journal of Information Management, 14(6), 443-464.
2.        Bumsted, Aee r.( 1969) “The Concept of Systems Management in Educational Data Processing”
3.        Cambridge Education(February,2006), “Education Management Information System”: a short case study of Ghana,(a working paper)
4.        Cambridge Education(February,2006), “Education Management Information System”: a short case study of Nigeria,(a working paper)5.        Charles C. Villanueva (2003),“Education management information system (EMIS) and the formulation of education for all (EFA)”
6.        Hoag, Ed(February,1973) “Total Information” for Oregon’s schools, School Management (pp37-39)
7.        Kowizt, Gerald et al (1970), “Information for School Administration”.
8.        Lewis,David, Alfred (1967) “Inception , Design, and Implementation of a Management Information System”. Dissertation.
9.        Mason ,Richardo and Mitroffiani (1973), “A Program for Research on Management Information Systems” Management Science”.
10.     Mccain, k., Ntuen, c.a. & Park, e.h. (1996). “Software Useability as a Foundation for Human-computer Interaction Designs. In c.a. Ntuen&e.h. Park (eds.), Human Interaction with Complex Systems: “Conceptual Principles and Design Practice (pp. 73-87). Norwell, ma, USA: Kluwer academic.
11.     Mellor, Warren (December, 1973), “Management Information System”,Educational Management  Review Series Number 25. O’brien, J (1999). “Management Information Systems”
12.     O’Mahony, C.D. (1997). Information systems effectiveness and organizational culture Phillip K. Pielle et al “Educational Management Information Systems”: Progress and Perspectives.
13.     Power, D. J. (2002.), Decision Support Systems: Concepts and Resources for Managers, Greenwood/Quorum.
14.     Rockart, J.F. (1979, mar/apr). “Chief Executives Define Their Own Data needs”. Harvard Business Review 57, 81-93.
15.     Smith,Robert (1970),Editor “Management Information Systems for the 1970s.Technology-Application Research”.
16.     Tom Cassidy (PhD) (January, 2005) “Education Management Information System (EMIS) development in Latin America and the Caribbean: Lessons and Challenges”.
17.     Thimbleby, H. (1993). “User Needs in Human Interface Standards”. In c.d. Evans, B.L. Meek & R.S. Walker (eds.)
18.     Visscher, A.J. (1997). “Facilities for Computer-Supported Decision-Making in Schools: Explanations for Lack of Use and Proposals for Improvement.” 
19.     Visscher, B.Z. Barta& D.C.B Teather (eds.), Information Technology in Educational Management for the Schools of the Future (pp. 57-62). Oxford: Chapman & hall.

14-18

4.

Authors:

Parminder Kaur

Paper Title:

ROMCOB – Reduced Overhead and Memory Consumption on Base Station with Improved LEACH Protocol for Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are gaining popularity with each passing day because of their wide range of applications [1]. WSNs consist of sensor nodes, which are small in size and have wireless communication capability [2]. To increase the efficiency of the network, the sensor nodes are grouped in the form of Cluster, such a network of clusters is known as Clustered Wireless Sensor Network. In Clustered WSN, the base station keeps and maintains the record of all the sensor nodes in the network hence the load on the base station is more than any other sensor node in the network. This paper attempts to reduce the workload of base station, reduce memory consumption and maintains secure connectivity by using the concept of Exclusion Basis System (EBS) matrix. The paper is organized in five sections. Section I & II gives the overview of background and literature review. Section III explains the system architecture which gives the description of proposed scheme. Section IV describes the performance evaluation. Section V explains the future scope.

Keywords: WSN, Exclusion basis system, Key management, secure group communication.

References:
1.           Reza Azarderakhsh, Arash Reyhani-Masoleh, and Zine-Eddine Abid. “A key management scheme for Clustered wireless sensor networks”, IEEE/IFIP, International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing, 2008.
2.           Mohamed F. Younis, Senior Member, IEEE, Kajaldeep Ghumman, and Mohamed Eltoweissy, Senior Member, IEEE, “Location-Aware Combinatorial Key Management Scheme for Cluster Sensor Networks”, IEEE Trans. on Parallel and Distributed Systems, Vol.17, No.8, August 2006.
3.           Li Zheng, Wei Guoheng, and Waang Ya. “Key-management scheme based on identity and cluster layer in wireless sensor network”, IEEE workshop on Advanced reaearch and Technology in Industry Applications (WARTIA), 2014.
4.           Rong Jiang, Jun Luo, Fang Tu, and Jin Zhong, “LEP: A Lightweight Key Management Scheme based on EBS and Polynomial for Wireless Sensor Networks”, International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC), 2011.
5.           Ian Akyildiz, Weilian Su, Yogesh Sankarasubramaniam, and Erdal Cayirci. “A survey on sensor networks” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 40.
6.           Rabia Riaz, Arshad Ali, Ki Hyung Kim, H. Farooq Ahmad, and Hiroki Suguri, “Secure dynamic key management for sensor networks” IEEE 2006.
7.           Kamal Kumar, A.K. Verma, and R.B. Patel, “Framework for key management scheme in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks”, Journal of emerging technologies in web intelligence, vol. 3, no. 4, November 2011.
8.           Olutayo Boyinbode, Hanh Le, Audrey Mbogho, Makoto Takizawa, and Ravi Poliah, “A survey on clustering algorithms for wireless sensor network”, 13^th International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems, 2008.
9.           I.F. Akyildiz et.al., “Wireless Sensor Networks: a survey, computer networks”, vol. 38, pp. 393-422.
10.        S. Tanenbaum, Computer Networks, 4th ed. NJ: Prentice Hall.
11.        W. Stallings, Cryptography and Network Security-Principles and Practices, 3rd -ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
12.        Minghui Shi and Xuemin Shen, Yixin Jiang and Chuang Lin, “Self-healing group-Wise Key Distribution Schemes with Time-Limited Node Revocation for WSN”, IEEE Wireless Communications, October 2007.
13.        D. Djenouri, L. Khelladi, and N. Badache, “A survey of security issues in mobile ad  hoc and sensor networks,” IEEE Commun. Surveys Tutorials, vol. 7, pp. 2–28, 2005.
14.        Ossama Younis, Marwan Krunz, and Srinivasan Ramasubramanian, “Node clustering in wireless sensor networks: Recent developments and deployment challenges”, IEEE Network, May/June 2006.
15.        Johnson C. Lee, Victor C. M. Leung, Kirk H. Wong, Jiannong Cao, and C. B. Chan, “Key management issues in wireless sensor networks: current proposals and future developments”, IEEE wireless communications, pp. 76-83, October 2007,
16.        R.C. Johnson. Sandia enlists MEMS for anti-terror systems. EE Times, March 2002. URL http://www.eet.com/at/news/OEG20020514S0033.
17.        G. Boone. Reality mining: Browsing reality with sensor networks. Sensors, vol. 21, no. 9, September 2004. URL http://sensorsmag.com/articles/0904/14/main.shtml.
18.        J. Kloeppel. Smart bricks could monitor buildings, save lives. News Bureau, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
19.        Intel Corporation. Intel Research–Exploratory Research–Deep Networking. http://www.intel.com/research/exploratory/heterogeneous.htm
20.        B.J. Feder. Wireless Sensor Networks Spread to New Territory. The New York Times, July 2004. URL http://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/26/business/26sensor.html.
21.        K. Mayer. Instrumenting cattle – real time health monitoring of cattle using wireless technologies. Poster for Sir Mark Oliphant Conference 2004 “Converging Technologies for Agriculture and Environment”, August 2004. URL http: //mobile.act.cmis.csiro.au/kevin/smartsensors2004.pdf
22.        Alan Mainwaring, David Culler, Joseph Polastre, Robert Szewczyk, and John Anderson. Wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Wireless sensor networks and applications, pages 88–97. ACM Press, 2002. ISBN 1-58113-589-0.

19-23

5.

Authors:

Suresha Gowda M. V, Ranganatha S, Vidyasagar H. N.

Paper Title:

Basic Studies on the Role of Softer Metallic Coatings in Ball Bearings

Abstract:  The performance, reliability and load transferring capabilities of bearing elements are very important in industrial applications. The newer design of high speed machines demands better bearing system. The reliability is of primary importance in case of bearing elements used in aerospace industries. Exhaustive studies have been carried out by different researchers under two extreme conditions. One is using a fluid as lubricants which do not bear shear loads. The other extreme were using hard coatings which bears enormous amount of shear loads. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to understand the kinematics of deformation of coatings which are not as hard as conventional coatings. Casehardened carbon steel balls were coated with tin, zinc and nickel by electroplating technique. The thickness of the coating was maintained at 25 µm. Four ball test rig was used to simulate the field conditions. The experiments were conducted without lubricants. The normal loads were 100N, 300N and 500N respectively and run for a period of 5 minutes. The frictional load and normal load were monitored and co-efficient of friction was estimated. The wear scar was studied under scanning electron microscope. The co-efficient of friction was found to be dependent on normal load and type of coating material. The co-efficient of friction was found to be minimum of value 0.28 for a maximum normal load of 500N for tin coating. The morphology of wear scar studied in scanning electron microscope explains the dependency of co-efficient of friction on normal load and different coating materials.

Keywords:  Rolling contact fatigue, four ball tester, Coatings.

References:
1.       R. Ahmed, M. Hadfield, Wear 203/204 (1997) 98–106.
2.       Makela, P. Vouristo, M. Lahdensuo, K. Niemi, T. Mantyla, Proceedings of the 7th International Thermal  Spray Conference, Boston, Massachuesetts, 20–24 June 1994, pp. 759–763.
3.        M. Faraday, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. 147 (1857) 145.
4.        K. Kirner, ,Schweissen Schnieden 41 (1989) 583–586.
5.        M.E. Vinayo, F. Kassabji, J. Guyonnet, , J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A3 (1985) 2483–2489.
6.        J. Nerz, B.A. Kushner, A.J. Rotolico, Proceedings of the Thermal Spraying Conference, Essen, Germany, 29–  31 August 1990, pp. 47–51.
7.        M.P. Subrahmanyam, M.P. Srivastava, R. Sivakumar, Mater. Sci. Eng. 84 (1984)209–214.
8.        R. Nieminen, P. Vouristo, K. Niemi, T. Mantyla, G. Barbezat, Wear 212 (1997) 66–77.
9.        R. Ahmed, M. Hadfield, Tribol. Int. 30 (1997) 129–137.
10.     R. Ahmed, M. Hadfield, Surf. Coatings Technol. 82 (1996) 176–186.
11.     R. Ahmed, M. Hadfield, Wear 230 (1999) 39–55.
12.     S. Tobe, S. Kodama, H. Misawa, Proceedings of the National Thermal Spray Conference, Tokoyo, Japan, 1990, pp. 171–178.13.     R. Ahmed, M. Hadfield, Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference, Singapore, ISBN 0871707373, 2001, pp. 1009–1015.
14.     M. Yoshida, K. Tani, A. Nakahira, A. Nakajima, T. Mawatari, Proceedings of ITSC, Kobe, May 1995, 1992, pp. 663–668.
15.     R. Ahmed, M. Hadfield, Wear 209 (1997) 84–95.
16.     Nakajima, T. Mawatari, M. Yoshida, K. Tani, A. Nakahira, Wear 241 (2000) 166–173.
17.     S. Kuroda, T. Fukishima, S. Kitahara, Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference, Orlando,OH, 1992, pp. 903–909.
18.     T. Morishita, E. Kuramochi, R.W. Whitfield, S. Tanabe, Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference, Orlando, OH, 1992, pp. 1001–1004.
19.     O.C. Brandt, J. Therm. Spraying 4 (1995) 147–152.
20.     G.R. Millar, L.M. Keer, H.S. Cheng, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 397 (1985) 197–209.
21.     T.A. Harris, Rolling Bearing Analysis, 3rd ed., Wiley, New York, 1991, p. 23.
22.     H.S. Cheng, T.P. Chang, W.D. Sproul, Proceedings of the 16th Leeds–Lyon Symposium, Elsevier, 1990, pp.81–88.
23.     R. Thom, L. Moore, W.D. Sproul, T.P. Chang, Surf. Coatings Technol. 62 (1993) 423–427.
24.     O. Knolek, B. Bosserhoff, A. Schrey, T. Leyendecker, O. Lemmer, S. Esser, Surf. Coating Technol. 54/55 (1992) 102–107.
25.     L. Rosado, V.K. Jain, H.K. Trivedi, Wear 212(1997) 1–6.
26.     I.A. Polonsky, T.P. Chang, L.M. Keer, W.D. Sproul, Wear 208 (1997) 204–219.
27.     Petrov, L. Hultman, U. Helmerson, J.E. Sundgren, J.E. Greene, Thin Solid Films 169 (1989) 299–314.
28.     Suresha Gowda M. V., Vidyasagar H. N., Ranganatha S, IJRTE, Vol 4 Jan 2016, 1-8.

24-31

6.

Authors:

Himangi Pande, M. U. Kharat

Paper Title:

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Modified SMAC and WiseMAC with Adaptive MAC for WBAN Applications

Abstract:   Wireless Communication and Wireless Networking is the popular research in this era. The combination of this is useful method for one step ahead to increase the life of human being. The motto of the research is to implement the protocol on Data-Link Layer, which is the WBAN stack protocol layer architecture, use to increase the life time of battery by energy saving. The novelty in the proposed method is to reduce energy consumption using the concepts of contention window which is adaptive to the different traffic conditions. The experimental result shows increase in Total Remaining Energy, Common Node Energy, Cluster Head Energy and BAN Coordinator Node Energy of Wireless Body Area Network. The proposed protocol is simulated in NS2 environment.

Keywords:  Wireless Body Area Networks, Media Access Control, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, Personal Digital Assistance

References:
1.        W. Ye, J. Heidemann, and D. Estrin. An energy efficient mac protocol for wireless sensor networks. In 21st International Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM’02), New York, NY, USA 2002.
2.         T. van Dam and K. Langendoen. An adaptive energy efficient mac protocol for wireless sensor networks. In 1st ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys), pages 171–180, 2003.
3.         Sha Liu, Kai-Wei Fan and Prasun Sinha , “An Energy Efficient MAC Layer Protocol Using Convergent Packet Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks”, IEEE SECON,2007.
4.        J. Polastre, J. Hill, and D. Culler, Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks. In The Second ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys), pages 95–107, November 2004.
5.         M. Buettner, G. V. Yee, E. Anderson, and R. Han. X-mac: A short preamble mac protocol for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks. In Proc. Sensys’06, 2006.
6.        El-Hoiydi, A.; Decotignie, J.-D, “WiseMAC: An Ultra-Low Power MAC Protocol for Multi hop Wireless Sensor Networks”, First International Workshop on Algorithmic Aspects of WSN, 2007, pp – 18 -31.
7.        Philipp Hurni, Torsten Braun, “Increasing Throughput for WiseMAC”, IEEE/IFIP WONS 2008, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, January 23 – 25, 2008, pp -1-12
8.        Philipp Hurni and Torsten Braun, Universität Bern, “Evaluation of WiseMAC on Sensor Nodes”, Wireless and Mobile Networking, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, Volume 284, 2008, pp 187-198.
9.        El-Hoiydi and J.-D. Decotignie, “WiseMac: An Ultra-Low Power MAC Protocol for the Downlink of Infrastructure Wireless Sensor Networks”, Computers and Communications, 2004. Computers and Communications, 2004. Proceedings. ISCC 2004. Ninth International Symposium, 1, pp – 244 – 251.
10.     El-Hoiydi, J.-D. Decotignie, C. Enz and E. Le Roux, “Wise-MAC: An Ultra-Low Power MAC Protocol for the WiseNET Wireless Sensor Network”, in the Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communication, ISCC’04, Alexandria, Egypt, June 2004, pp–302-303.
11.     Philipp Hurni and Torsten Braun, Markus Anwander, “Evaluation of WiseMAC and extensions on wireless sensor nodes”, Telecommunication Systems, February 2010, Volume 43,Issue 1-2, pp 49-58.
12.     Haigang Hu,Jie Min,Xiaodong Wang,Yu ZhouAn improvement of S-MAC based on dynamic duty cycle in wireless network sensor network,2011 IEEE.
13.     http://www.memsic.com/products/wireless-sensor-networks/wireless-modules.html
14.     NS 2, Network Simulator, http://www.isi.edu./nsnam/ns/ns-build.html
15.     http://www.mannasim.dcc.ufmg.br/download.htm

32-35

7.

Authors:

Mark Obegi Kenyatta

Paper Title:

Exploring Into the Factors That Cause Payment Defaults: a Perspective of the Payment Dispute Cases in the Kenyan Construction Industry

Abstract: Regular and timely payment is an important feature of the construction industry. Therefore failure to pay one or several certificates or invoices, paying in installments and sometimes not paying at all will undoubtedly cause cash flow hardships to those involved and may even bring the project work to an end. This study explores the factors that cause payment default in building and civil Engineering projects in Kenya. Primary document analysis of payment dispute cases lodged in the commercial courts in Kenyan was adopted. The study establishes that inadequate funding, variations, disagreements on the value of work done and defective work are the main factors that lead to payment default in their various forms. The study not only creates but also enhances awareness to all construction stakeholders in matters payment. It is therefore hoped that the awareness created will reduce the prevalence of payment default problems in the construction industry of Kenya.

Keywords: Payment, cash flow, construction industry of Kenya

References:
1.        Abdul-Rahman, H., Wang, C., Takim, R., & Wong, S. (2011). Project schedule influenced by financial issues:Evidence in construction industry. Scientific Research and Essays, 6(1), 205-212. Retrieved 2013 йил 5-12 from http://www.academicjournals.org/SRE
2.        Abidin, A. (2007). The Profiles of Construction Disputes. KualaLumpure: Unpublished Masters Thesis.
3.        Abidin, A. B. (2007). The Profile of Construction Disputes. Kulalumper: Unpublished Masters Thesis.
4.        Ameer, A. N. (2006 йил 3rd Quarter). A “Construction Industry Payment and Adjudication Act: Reducing Payment-Default And Increasing Dispute Resolution Efficiency In Construction. Master Builders Jounal, 3-14.
5.        AngSuSin, T. (2007). Payment issues – the present dilemmas of malaysian construction industry. kuala lumpur: Univeristi Teknologi Malaysia Istitutional Repostory.
6.        Ansah, S. K. (2011). Causes and Effects of Delayed Payments by Clients on Construction Projects in Ghana. Journal of Construction Project Management and Innovation, 1(1), 27 – 45.
7.        Ashworth, A. (2012). Contarctual Procedures (6 ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
8.        Aswa Developers and Contractors Limited V Compact Freight Systems Limited (2012).
9.        Board of Governors Ng’iya Girls High School v Meshack Ochieng’ t/a Mecko Enterprises (2014). Retrieved 12 21, 2014, from http://www.kenyalaw.org
10.     Bryman, A. (2012). Social research methods (4 ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
11.     Centurion Engineers & Builders Ltd. v Kenya Bureau Of Standards (2014).
12.     China Sichuan Corporation for International Techno-Economic Co-Operation v Kigwe Complex Ltd (2013).
13.     China Wu Yi Co. Ltd V Edermann Property Ltd & 2 Others (2013).
14.     Chitkara, K. K. (2011). Construction Project Management – Planning,Scheduling & Control (2 ed.). New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill.
15.     CIDB. (2010). Delayed Payments in the Construction Industry. Johannesburg: Construction Industry Development Board of Sourth Africa.
16.     Cooke, B., & Williams, P. (2009). Construction Planning, Programming and Control (3 ed.). Oxford.: Blackwell.
17.     Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business Research Methods,Twelfth Edition (12 ed.). New York, USA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin Series.
18.     Cunningham, T. (2013). Will the construction contracts bill improve subcontractor cash-flow? Retrieved 2013 йил 1-December from http://arrow.dit.ie/beschreoth/10
19.     D. Manji Construction Limited v C & R Holdings Limited (2014).
20.     Danuri, M. S., Munaaim, C. M., Rahman, A. H., & Hanid, M. (2006). Late and Non Payment Issues in the Malaysian Construction Industry-A Contractor’s Perspective. Sustainable Development through Culture and Innovation, The Joint International Conference on Construction Culture, Innovation and Management
(CCIM), 613-623.
21.     Fong, L. C. (2005). The Malaysian Construction Industry – The Present Dilemmas of Unpaid Contractors. Master Builders Jounal, pp. 80-82.
22.     Graham, D. (2006). Managing Residential Construction Projects – Strategies and Solutions. McGraw-Hill.
23.     Hamzah, A.-R., Chen, W., S, M.-D. M., & Che-Munaaim, E. M. (2014). Cause, Effect and Reaction for Late-payment and Nonpayment Issues in Malaysian Building Sector. Journal of Business Management and Innovations, 1(1), 8-20.
24.     Harris, F., & McCaffer, R. (2006). Modern Construction Management (6 ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
25.     Hasmori, M. F., Ismail, I., & Said, I. (2012 йил 12-13-March). Issues of Late and Non-Payment Among Contractors in Malaysia. International Conference On Business And Economic, 82-93.
26.     Highway Furniture Mart Limited v Permanent Secretary Office of The President & another (2006).
27.     Jared Oduor Osodo T/A Jaredo Building Construction V Ben Gakere Nyutho (2010).
28.     Kundan Singh Construction International Limited v Bank of Africa Kenya Ltd & another (2015).
29.     Latham, M. (1994). Constructing the Team. UK: HMSO.
30.     Laxmanbhai Construction Ltd V Kihingo Village (Waridi Gardens) Ltd & 2 Others (2012).
31.     Maritz, M. J., & Robertson, D. C. (2012). What are the legal remedies available to contractors and consultants to enforce payment? Journal of the South AfricanInstitution of Civil Engineering, 54(2), 27-35.
32.     .Marx, H. J. (2012). Construction Industry Indicators Affecting Contractors. Journal for the Advancement of Performance Information and Value, 4(1), 119-132.
33.     Marx, H. J. (2014). Results of the 2014 Survey of the CIDB Construction Industry Indicators. University of the Free State.
34.     Mbachu, J. (2011). Sources of contractor’s payment risks and cashflow problems in the New Zealand construction industry:Project team’s perceptions of the risks and mitigation measures. Construction Management and Economics, 29(10), 1027-1041.35.     Mbiti, T. K. (2008). A System Dynamics Model of Construction Output in Kenya. Melbourne: Unpublished Phd Thesis.
36.     Mofokeng, T. G. (2012). Assessment of the Causes of Failure among Small and Medium sized Construction Companies in Free State Province. Johannesburg: Unpublished Masters Thesis.
37.     Murdoch, ,. J., & Hughes, W. (2008). Construction Contracts: Law and Management (4 ed.). London: Taylor and Francis.
38.     Nanchang Foreign Engineering Company (K) Limited v Easy Properties Kenya Limited (2014).
39.     NCASL. (2008). Report on payment delays in Sri Lankan Construction Industry – Prepared by: National Construction Association of Sri Lanka (Southern Branch). National Construction Association of Sri Lanka(Southern Branch).
40.     NESC. (2014). Credit gurantee schemes: The road to expanding business and investiment in Kenya. Nairobi: National Economic and Social Council with support fro USAID Kenya.
41.     Ramachandra, T. (2013). Exploring Feasible Solutions to Payment Problems in the Construction Industry in New Zealand. Auckland University of Technology. Auckland: AUT. Retrieved September 2, 2014, from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/5554
42.     Ramachandra, T., & Rotimi, J. O. (2011). The Nature of Payment Problems in the New Zealand Construction Industry. Australian Journal of Construction Economics and Building, 11(2), 22-33.
43.     Rich Field Engineering Limited V Syneresis Limited (2012).
44.     Sigma Engineering Company Limited V Attorney General (2011).
45.     Silverman, D. (2010). Doing Qualitative Research (3 ed.). SAGE.
46.     Thomas, R., & Wright, M. (2011). Construction Contract Claims (3 ed.). Hampshire: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN.
47.     Tolson, S. J. (2004). Payment, abatement and set-off. (pp. 1-24). UK: Fenwick Elliott.
48.     Tran, H., & Carmichael, D. G. (2013). A contractor’s classification of owner payment practices. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 20(1), 29-45.
49.     True North Construction Limited v Kenya National Highways Authority (2014).
50.     Uff, J. (2009). Construction Law (10 ed.). London: Thomson Reuters.
51.     Unispan Limited v African Gas & Oil Limited (2014).
52.     Wahome, G. W. (2014). Influence of Public Procurement Oversight Authority’s Standard Tender Document on Public Building Projects in Kenya. Nairobi: Unpublished Masters Thesis.
53.     Wahome, G., Wanyona, G., & Njeri, T. W. (2013). Effects of the Public Procurement Oversight Authority Standard Tender Document on Procurement of Public Works in Kenya. Africa Habitat Review, 557-563.
54.     Weston Contractors Limited v Kenya Ferry Services (2014).
55.     Whitfield, J. (1994). Conflicts in Construction,Avoiding,managing,resolving. London, London, England: Macmilan Press Ltd.
56.     Wu, J., Kumaraswamy, M., & Soo, G. (2008). Payment Problems and Regulatory Responses in the Construction Industry: Mainland China Perspective. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice, 399-407.
57.     Ye, K. M., & Rahman, H. A. (2010). Risk of Late Payment in the Malaysian Construction Industry. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 1(41), 538-546

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S. No

Volume-5 Issue-11, April 2016, ISSN:  2278-3075 (Online)
Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd. 

Page No.

1.

Authors:

K. Ashok Reddy

Paper Title:

A Survey of Entropy Generation in a Helical Coil Heat Exchanger

Abstract:   In this technical paper, the review of literature for entropy generation in a helical coil heat exchanger was presented. The pressure drop, friction factor, heat transfer rates and flow distribution like velocity and temperature field are essential properties to control the entropy generation in a heat exchanger process are fairly presented in this article.

Keywords:   entropy, heat transfer, friction factor

References:
1.           Shaukat Ali  Pressure drop correlations for flow through regular helical coil tubes Fluid Dynamics Research, V 28(4),2015
2.           T. H. Ko  Numerical Investigation of Laminar Forced Convection and Entropy Generation in a Helical Coil with Constant Wall Heat Flux Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications: An International Journal of  Computation and Methodology   V 49(3),  2006  pp- 257-278
3.           T.H. Ko, , K. Ting  Entropy generation and thermodynamic optimization of fully developed laminar convection in a helical coil International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer   V 32(2), 2005, pp-214–223
4.           T.H. Ko   Thermodynamic analysis of optimal mass flow rate for fully developed laminar forced convection in a helical coiled tube based on minimal entropy generation principle Energy Conversion and Management  V 47(19),  2006, pp-3094–3104
5.           T.H. Ko    Thermodynamic analysis of optimal curvature ratio for fully developed laminar forced convection in a helical coiled tube with uniform heat flux  International Journal of Thermal Sciences   V 45(7), 2006, pp-729–737
6.           Mohammad Ahadi,  Abbas Abbassi   Entropy generation analysis of laminar forced convection through uniformly heated helical coils considering effects of high length and heat flux and temperature dependence of thermophysical properties Energy  V 82(3),  2015,pp-322–
7.           T.H. Ko, ,  K. Ting   Optimal Reynolds number for the fully developed laminar forced convection in a helical coiled tube  Energy,  V31(12), 2006, pp-2142–2152
8.           T.H. Ko, ,  K. Ting   Entropy generation and thermodynamic optimization of fully developed laminar convection in a helical coil International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer   Volume 32, Issues 1–2,  2005, pp- 214–223
9.           Jiangfeng Guo, ,  Xiulan Huai  Numerical investigation of helically coiled tube from the viewpoint of field synergy principle Applied Thermal Engineering  V 98(5), 2016, pp-137–143
10.        M. Hasanuzzaman,, R. Saidura, and N.A. Rahim  Effectiveness Enchancement Of Heat Exchanger By Using Nanofluids 2011 IEEE First Conference on Clean Energy and Technology CET
11.        M. Mohanraj, S. Jayaraj , C. Muraleedharan    Applications of artificial neural networks for thermal analysis of heat   exchangers e A review International Journal of Thermal Sciences V 90 2015 pp-152
12.        M.A. Khairul , R. Saidur , M.M. Rahman , M.A. Alim , A. Hossain , Z. Abdin  Heat transfer and thermodynamic analyses of a helically coiled heat  exchanger using different types of nanofluids International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer  V 67 2013 pp-398–403

1-3

2.

Authors:

Aniket Nikam, Nilam Thakur, Sachin Patil

Paper Title:

Intelligent Waste Collection System

Abstract: Now a day, there are a number of techniques used for waste collection. In this system, there is lift container for the collection of garbage in residential area. To give a brief description of the project, the sensors are placed in the storage area, when the garbage reaches the level of sensor; the controller will give indication to the driver of garbage collection truck that the garbage bin is completely filled and needs urgent attention. Indication is done by sending SMS using GSM technology.

Keywords: Garbage level sensor, GSM technology, SMS.

References:
1.    Gaikwad Prajakta , Jadhav Kalyani, Machale Snehal,”Smart   Garbage Collection System In Residential Area”,IJRET ,2015
2.    Kanchan Mahajan , Prof. J.S. Chitode,” Wate Bin Monitorin System Using Integreated Technologies”,IITRSET,2014.
3.    Islam, M.S. Arebey, M. ; Hannan, M.A. ; Basri, H,”Overview for solid waste bin monitoring and collection system” Innovation Management and Technology Research (ICIMTR), 2012 International Conference , Malacca, 258 – 262
4.    Raghumani Singh, C. Dey, M. Solid waste management of Thoubal Municipality, Manipur- a case study Green Technology and Environmental Conservation (GTEC 2011), 2011 International Conference Chennai 21 – 24.
5.    Latifah, A., Mohd, A. A.,& NurIlyana, M. (2009).solid waste management in Malaysia: Practices and challenges. Waste Management, 29,2902-2906.
6.    Vicentini, F. Giusti, A., Rovetta, A., Fan, X., He, Q., Zhu, M., & Liu, B. (2008). Sensorized waste collection container for content estimation and collection optimization. Waste Management.29, 1467-1472

4-6

3.

Authors:

Awatif M.A. Elsiddieg

Paper Title:

Implementation of Gaussian- Elimination

Abstract:  Gaussian elimination is an algorithm for solving systems of linear equations, can also use to find the rank of any matrix ,we use  Gaussian Jordan  elimination to find the inverse of a non singular square matrix. This work gives basic concepts  in section (1) , show what is pivoting , and implementation  of  Gaussian  elimination  to solve  a system of linear equations. Section (2) we   find the rank of any matrix. Section (3) we use Gaussian elimination to find the inverse of a non singular square matrix. We compare the method by Gauss Jordan method. In section (4) practical implementation of the method we inherit the computation features of Gaussian elimination we use programs in Matlab software.

Keywords:  Gaussian elimination, algorithm Gauss, Jordan, method, computation, features, programs in Matlab, software.

References:
1.       D. Eugene, Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Mathematica, McGraw-Hill,NY,(2001).
2.       E .B. Magrab and others , An Engineer’s Guide to Matlab ,Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River ,NJ, (2000).
3.       Eivind Eriksen B/ Norwegian School of Management Department of      Economics (2010).
4.       Jim  Hefferon Mathematics ,Saint Michael College  Colcheser  Verno USA (2014).
5.       M. Golubitsky and M.  Dellnitz , Linearv Algebra and Differential Equations Using Matlab, Books/Cole Publishing Co., NY, (1999).
6.       Stephen Boyd Convex Optimization . Department of  Electrical Engineering Stanford  University.
7.       Stephen G. Nash Linear and non linear programming (1996).

7-19

4.

Authors:

Vyshali V Nayak

Paper Title:

Efficient Speaker Verification Algorithm using Spectral Characteristics

Abstract: Speaker recognition is a recognition purpose that articulates words. The speaker recognition process relies on physical structure of an individual’s person’s vocal tract and the behavioral characteristics of the individual. Speaker verification is evolved with the technologies of speech recognition and speech synthesis because of the similar characteristics in the voice and challenges associated with it. Speaker recognition has two forms which is text dependent or text independent. In text dependent method a particular phrase or password is stored into the system, whereas in text independent method the speaker will not be aware that his voice is being collected.  In the proposed algorithm, speech signal has been recorded in the database. And the speaker is verified using the input the speaker provides by comparing with the database. The time domain, frequency domain and power domain features of the speech is extracted.  For validating the performance, a comparative analysis has been carried out with various other methods. These methods exhibit some unique behavior.

Keywords:   Spectral Characteristics, Speech Recognition, Text Dependent, Text Independent

References:
1.       Douglas A. Reynolds and Larry P.Heck, “Automatic Speaker Recognition: Recent Progress, Current Applications and Future Trends”, 19 February 2000, http://www.ll.mit.edu/IST/pubs/aaas00-dar-pres.pdf
2.       Joseph P. Campbell, “Speaker Recognition”, Identification in Networked Society, 1999
3.       Samudravijaya K, “Speech and Speaker Recognition: A Tutorial”, 2001
4.       Bojan Imperl, “Speaker recognition techniques”, Maribor, Slovenia, 2000
5.       Rosenberg, “L16: Speaker recognition”, Benesty, 2008
6.       W. M. Campbell, D. E. Sturim, and D. A. Reynolds, “Support Vector Machines Using GMM Supervectors for Speaker Verification”, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 13, no. 5, may 2006
7.       Md Jahangir Alam, Pierre Ouellet, Patrick Kenny, Douglas O’Shaughnessy, “Comparative Evaluation of Feature Normalization Techniques for Speaker Verification”, Springer, 2011
8.       Santosh K.Gaikwad, Bharti W.Gawali, Pravin Yannawar, “A Review on Speech Recognition Technique”, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887), Volume 10– No.3, November 2010
9.       Zhang Wanli, Li Guoxin, “Application of Improved Spectral Subtraction Algorithm for Speech Emotion Recognition”, IEEE Fifth International Conference, 2015
10.    Luciana Ferrer, Yun Lei, Mitchell McLaren, and Nicolas Scheffer, “Study of Senone-Based Deep Neural Network Approaches for Spoken Language Recognition” IEEE/ACM Transactions, 2015
11.    S. K. Singh, “Features and Techniques for Speaker Recognition”, 2003
12.    W. M. Campbell, D. E. Sturim, and D. A. Reynolds, “Support Vector Machines Using GMM Supervectors for Speaker Verification”, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 13, no. 5, may 2006

20-26

5.

Authors:

Nanda P, Josephine Prem Kumar

Paper Title:

A Survey on QOS Improvement in Wireless Mesh Network

Abstract: Wireless mesh Network (WMN) is rapidly catching momentum in developing countries like India for providing seamless internet services and for disaster time emergency networking. QOS is one of the hurdles for acceptance of WMN because as more people start using the network for internet services, latency, session drops, and packet loss are noticed. Many solutions for improving QOS in terms of placement of components, QOS based routing, cross layer optimizations, MAC layer scheduling etc. are proposed to improve the QOS.  In this work, we review all these solutions and problems in these solutions for large scale acceptance of WMN.

Keywords: (WMN), QOS, WMN, MAC, Wireless

References:
1.       Anis Ouni, Herv´e Rivano, Fabrice Valois, Catherine Rosenberg. Energy and Throughput Optimization of Wireless Mesh Network with Continuous Power Control. [Research Report] RR- 7730, 2013, pp.27.
2.       Mathilde Benveniste “A Distributed QoS MAC Protocol for Wireless Mesh” The Second International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications, 2008. 
3.       Kwan-Wu Chin, Sieteng Soh, Chen Meng, “ A Novel Spatial TDMA Scheduler for Concurrent Transmit Receive WMN” 24th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, 2010.
4.       Mauro Leoncini, Paolo Santi, Paolo Valente, “An STDMA Based Framework for QoS Provisioning in Wireless Mesh Network”, IEEE 2008.
5.       Jaydip Sen “A Throughput Optimizing Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks”. 12th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications.2010.
6.       Catalan-Cid M, Ferrer JL, Gomez C, Paradells J: Contention- and interference-aware flow-based routing in wireless mesh networks: design and evaluation of a novel routing metric. EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw. 2010, 2010: 1-20.
7.       Xi Fang “Consort: Node-Constrained Opportunistic Routing in wireless mesh networks” INFOCOM, 2011 Proceedings IEEE.
8.       T. Le, N. G. Nguyen, and D. H. Nghia, “A novel PSO-based algorithm for gateway placement in wireless mesh networks,” in Proc, 3 rd IEEE International Conference on Communication Software and Networks (ICCSN), China, 2011, pp. 41-46
9.       Mojtaba Seyedzadegan “Internet Gateway Placement Optimization in Wireless Mesh Networks” Springer August 201310.    Awadallah, Hashim and A. Hashim , Aisha Hassan (2015) A genetic approach for gateway placement in wireless mesh networks. Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, 15 (7). pp. 11-19. ISSN 1738-7906
11.    Wangkit Wong “Optimizing Router Placement for Wireless Mesh Deployment” IEEE ICC 2014 – Mobile and Wireless Networking Symposium
12.    J. Wang, K. Cai, and D. R. Agrawal, “A multi-rate based router placement scheme for wireless mesh networks,” in Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, 2009. MASS’09. IEEE 6th International Conference on. IEEE, 2009, pp. 100–109.
13.    Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP), 2013 International Conference IEEE
14.    Ernst, J.B “Cross-Layer Mixed Bias Scheduling for Wireless Mesh Networks” Communications (ICC), 2010 IEEE International Conference
15.    Cheng, M “Cross-Layer Schemes for Reducing Delay in Multihop Wireless Networks” Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on 2012
16.    Xiang Li “Cross-Layer Routing Metric for Wireless Mesh Networks” Third International Conference, ICICA 2012, Chengde, China, September 14-16, 2012.

27-29

6.

Authors:

Sudha Kushwaha, Sourabh Pandey

Paper Title:

Analysis of Compressed Sending Time-Frequency Training OFDM for Improved Performance of the System

Abstract:  Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is widely recognized as the one important technology in broadband wireless communication systems. In wireless communication orthogonal frequency division multiplexing render higher spectral efficiency as well as enhanced performance over fast fading channel. The time domain synchronous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing also offers enhanced spectral efficiency compared to cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. But interference cancellation problem degrades performance loss in high speed communication channel. The compressed sending based channel estimation increases the spectral efficiency by using time delay and reducing number of pilot symbols.  This paper proposes a new scheme called compressed sending time frequency training orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. This scheme uses training information in time and frequency domain. The simulation shows that the proposed scheme outperforms TFT orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and TDS orthogonal frequency division multiplexing in high speed mobile environments.                                                                                                                                                       

Keywords:  Wireless, Frequency, Channel, Multiplexing, Pilot, Training

References:
1.          D. linglong, Z.Wang and Z.Yang , “Time-Frequency Training OFDM with High Spectral Efficiency and Reliable Performance in High Speed Environments” IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 30, NO. 4,pp-695-707, MAY 2012.
2.          F. Adachi and E. Kudoh, “New direction of broadband wireless technology,” Wireless. Communication Mob. Com., vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 969–983, Oct. 2007.
3.          X. Yuan, Q. Guo, X. Wang, and L. Ping, “Evolution analysis of low cost iterative equalization in coded linear systems with cyclic prefixes,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Communication, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 301–310, Feb. 2008.
4.          B. Muquet, Z. Wang, G. Giannakis, M. De Courville, and P. Duhamel, “Cyclic prefixing or zero padding for wireless multicarrier transmissions?” IEEE Trans. Communication, vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 2136–2148, Dec. 2002.
5.          C. yen Ong, J. Song, C. Pan, and Y. Li, “Technology and standards of digital television terrestrial multimedia broadcasting,” IEEE Communication Mag., vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 119–127, May 2010.
6.          Wang, P. Ho, and Y. Wu, “Robust channel estimation and ISI cancellation for OFDM systems with suppressed features,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Communication, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 963–972, May 2005. On Computers, 61, 2012, pp. 1507-1520.
7.          J. Wang, Z. Yang, C. Pan, and J. Song, “Iterative padding subtraction of the PN sequence for the TDS-OFDM over broadcast channels,” IEEE Trans. Consume. Electron, vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 1148–1152, Nov. 2005.
8.          J. Song, Z. Yang, L. Yang, K. Gong, C. Pan, J. Wang, and Y. Wu, “Technical review on Chinese digital terrestrial television broadcasting standard and measurements on some working modes,” IEEE Trans. Broadcast., vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 1–7, Feb. 2007.
9.          Framing Structure, Channel Coding and Modulation for Digital Television Terrestrial Broadcasting System. Chinese National Standard, GB 20600-2006, Aug. 2006.
10.       J. Kim, S. Lee, and J. Seo, “Synchronization and channel estimation in cyclic postfix based OFDM system,” in Proc. IEEE 63rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC’06-Spring), Melbourne, Vic, May 2006, pp. 2028–2032.
11.       Synchronization and channel estimation in cyclic postfix based OFDM system,” IEICE Trans. Communication., vol. E90-B, no. 3, pp. 485– 490, Mar. 2007.
12.       S. Tang, K. Peng, K. Gong, and Z. Yang, “Channel estimation for cyclic post fixed OFDM,” in Proc. International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS’08), Fujian, China, May 2008, pp. 246–249.
13.       M. Huemer, C. Hofbauer, and J. Huber, “Unique word prefix in SC/FDE and OFDM: A comparison,” in Proc. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM’10), Miami, USA, Dec. 2010, pp. 1321– 1326.
14.       Onic and M. Huemer, “Direct vs. two-step approach for unique word generation in UW-OFDM,” in Proc. the 15th International OFDM Workshop (InOWo’10), Los Alamitos, CA, Sep. 2010, pp. 145–149.
15.       J. Fu, J. Wang, J. Song, C. Pan, and Z. Yang, “A simplified equalization method for dual PN-sequence padding TDS-OFDM systems,” IEEE Trans. Broadcast., vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 825–830, Dec. 2008.
16.       L. Bomer and M. Antweiler, “Perfect N-phase sequences and arrays,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Communication., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 782–789, May 1992. 17.       V. Oppenheim, R. Schafer, and J. Buck, Discrete-Time Signal Processing, 4th ed. NJ, USA: Prentice Hall, 2010.
18.       L. Dai, Z. Wang, C. Pan, and S. Chen, “Positioning in Chinese digital television network using TDS-OFDM signals,” in Proc. IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC’11), Kyoto, Japan, Jun. 2011, pp. 1–5.
19.       Frame Structure, Channel Coding and Modulation for a Second Generation Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting System (DVB-T2). ETSI Standard, EN 302 755, V1.1.1, Sep. 2009.
20.       X. Wang, H. Li, and H. Lin, “A new adaptive OFDM system with pre-coded cyclic prefix for dynamic cognitive radio communications,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Communication, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 431–442, Feb. 2011.
21.       W. Song and J. Lim, “Channel estimation and signal detection for MIMO-OFDM with time varying channels,” IEEE Communication. Lett., vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 540–542, Jul. 2006.
22.       W. Jeon, K. Chang, and Y. Cho, “An equalization technique for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems in time variant multipath channels,” IEEE Trans. Communication, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 27–32, Jan. 1999.
23.       P. Schniter, “Low complexity equalization of OFDM in doubly selective channels,” IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 100–1011, Apr. 2004.
24.       Namboodiri, H. Liu, and P. Spasojevi`c, “Low complexity turbo equalization for mobile OFDM systems with application to DVB-H,” in Proc. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM’10), Miami, USA, Dec. 2010, pp. 1328–1333.
25.       X. Wang, Y. Wu, J. Chouinard, and H. Wu, “On the design and performance analysis of multi symbol encapsulated OFDM systems,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 990–1002, May 2006.

30-34

7.

Authors:

Kumar Harsha, Anupam Saikia

Paper Title:

Elliptic Curves on Finite Fields

Abstract:   This paper explores the algebraic properties of elliptic curves over finite fields. Elliptic curves are being widely used in modern cryptographic techniques. The rational points on an elliptic curve obey group theoretic laws. As such, computing the order of these groups forms the basis of more complex computations. The first section of this paper deals with the basic group properties of rational points on elliptic curves and an introduction to projective geometry. In the second, algorithms for computing multiplication maps are explained. The later section has point counting algorithms followed by code snippets in SAGE. Also included, is a section on some unsolved problems in the domain.                  

Keywords:   Elliptic curves, SAGE.

References:
1.    Joseph H. Silverman &John Tate, Rational Points on Elliptic Curves, Springer-Verlag New York, 1992, pp. 15–64.
2.    Lawrence C. Washington, Elliptic Curves – Number theory and Cryptography.  Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2008, pp. 77-102.
3.    Darrin Doud, “A procedure to calculate torsion of Elliptic Curves over.Q“Manuscripta Mathematica, November1997.
4.    Celine Maistret, “Computations on the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for elliptic curves over pure cubic extensions” [Master’s Thesis/Online], Concordia University, Canada, August 2012, Available:
5.    https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/maths/people/staff/maistret/maistret_msc_f2012.pdf
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8.

Authors:

Albekova A. Sh., Tuksaitova R.O., Omarova G.T., Tleugazina Sh.S.

Paper Title:

The National, Ethnic and Cultural Identity of Russian and Kazakh languages

Abstract: In the scientific article the ethno-linguistic aspect of kinship terminology of the Russian and Kazakh languages is considered. It is known that a national, ethnic and cultural identity finds its most vivid expression in terms of the language which is directly correlated with the extra-linguistic realty. In theory of ethno-linguistic it is stated that some words in the language do not reflect linguistic and social structures. That differentiation of the Kazakh and Russian languages vocabulary on the background is a valuable linguistically. The establishment of the semantic matching of terms and cultural realties of the Russian and Kazakh peoples s certainly relevant and interesting research. Relationship is the concept of social, historical, ethnic, and its development is caused not only by general laws but by culture of the ethnic group too.                    

Keywords:    definition, ethno-linguistic, ethnic culture, kinship terminology, language, .terminology of property.

References:
1.        Ushinsky K.D. Selected pedagogical works. M., 1954.
2.        Orazgalieva F.Sh. National-cultural connotation of the words denoting no consanguinity. // Proceedings of the international national – practical conference. Karaganda: Publishing house of the University, 2002.
3.        Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language. Ed.by Professor D.N. Ushakov. – M., 1935-1940 . Vol. I-IV.
4.        Ozhegov S.I.  Dictionary of the Russian language -M .: Russian language. 1989. – p.924.
5.        Small Dictionary of  the Russian language V.V. Lopatin, L.E. Lopatina.- M .: 1990.
6.        Explanatory Dictionary of the Kazakh language. Ed.by Kenesbayev. – Almaty: 1959. Vol. I-II.
7.        Explanatory Dictionary of the Kazakh language. Ed.by A.Y.Yskakov. – Almaty: 1982. Vol. I-II.

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